Document

Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3)
Registration No. 333-266930
PROSPECTUS
Pagaya Technologies Ltd.
Up to 40,139,607 Class A Ordinary Shares
This prospectus relates to the offer and sale of up to 40,139,607 Class A Ordinary Shares of Pagaya Technologies Ltd., no par value (“Class A Ordinary Shares”), by B. Riley Principal Capital II, LLC (“B. Riley Principal Capital II” or the “Selling Securityholder”).
The Class A Ordinary Shares to which this prospectus relates have been or may be issued by us to B. Riley Principal Capital II pursuant to an ordinary shares purchase agreement, dated as of August 17, 2022, that we entered into with B. Riley Principal Capital II (the “Purchase Agreement”). Such Class A Ordinary Shares include (i) up to 40,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares that we may, in our sole discretion, elect to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II, from time to time after the date of this prospectus, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement and (ii) 139,607 Class A Ordinary Shares we issued, and may issue if certain conditions are met, in each case, to B. Riley Principal Capital II as consideration for its commitment to purchase our Class A Ordinary Shares in one or more purchases that we may, in our sole discretion, direct them to make, from time to time after the date of this prospectus, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.
We are not selling any securities under this prospectus and will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of our Class A Ordinary Shares by the Selling Securityholder. However, we may receive up to $300,000,000 aggregate gross proceeds under the Purchase Agreement from sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares we may elect to make to B. Riley Principal Capital II pursuant to the Purchase Agreement after the date of this prospectus. See “The Committed Equity Financing” for a description of the Purchase Agreement and “Selling Securityholder” for additional information regarding B. Riley Principal Capital II.
Our Class A Ordinary Shares are currently listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”) under the symbol “PGY.” On August 2, 2023, the last reported sales price of our Class A Ordinary Shares was $2.46 per share.
B. Riley Principal Capital II may sell or otherwise dispose of our Class A Ordinary Shares described in this prospectus in a number of different ways and at varying prices. See “Plan of Distribution (Conflict of Interest)” for more information about how B. Riley Principal Capital II may sell or otherwise dispose of our Class A Ordinary Shares pursuant to this prospectus. B. Riley Principal Capital II is an “underwriter” within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the Securities Act of 1933 (as amended, the “Securities Act”).
In connection with the extraordinary general meeting of shareholders (“Extraordinary General Meeting”) held by EJFA (as defined below) on June 17, 2022 to approve the Transactions (as defined below), holders of 27,805,123 of EJFA’s Class A Ordinary Shares, or approximately 96.7% of the shares with redemption rights, exercised their right to redeem their shares for cash at a redemption price of approximately $10.00 per share, for an aggregate redemption amount of $278.1 million. As of June 30, 2023, there were 708,909,068 Pagaya Ordinary Shares (as defined below) outstanding, including 533,974,676 Class A Ordinary Shares outstanding, of which 349,740,364 Class A Ordinary Shares were held by non-affiliates of the Company (our “public float”). The Class A Ordinary Shares being offered for resale in this prospectus (the “Resale Securities”) represent a substantial percentage of our public float. Assuming the issuance of all of the Resale Securities to the Selling Securityholder under the Purchase Agreement, the Resale Securities would represent approximately 10% of our public float, approximately 7% of outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares and approximately 5% of outstanding Pagaya Ordinary Shares as of June 30, 2023 (after giving effect to the issuance of all of the Resale Securities). The sale of all of the Resale Securities, or the perception that these sales could occur, could result in a significant decline in the public trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares. In addition to the Selling Securityholder, certain other shareholders, including the PIPE Investors, the Sponsor and Pagaya Equity Holders (each as defined below and collectively, the “Additional Sellers”) may sell a substantial number of our securities pursuant to a separate resale prospectus. The sale of the Resale Securities together with the sale of the securities held by the Additional Sellers, or the perception that these sales could occur, could depress the market price of our securities.
We will pay the expenses incurred in registering under the Securities Act the offer and sale of our Class A Ordinary Shares to which this prospectus relates by the Selling Securityholder, including legal and accounting fees. We have also engaged Northland Securities, Inc. to act as a “qualified independent underwriter” in this offering, whose fees and expenses will be borne by the Selling Securityholder. See “Plan of Distribution (Conflict of Interest).”
We are an “emerging growth company” and a “foreign private issuer,” each as defined under the U.S. federal securities laws and, as such, we have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements for this prospectus and future filings. See the sections titled “Summary of the Prospectus—Emerging Growth Company Status” and Summary of the Prospectus—Foreign Private Issuer Exemptions” for additional information.
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” in our most recent annual report on Form 20-F, and any updates to those risk factors in our reports of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K incorporated by reference in this prospectus, together with all of the other information appearing or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and under similar headings in any amendment or supplements to this prospectus.
None of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, the Israel Securities Authority or any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of the securities or determined if this prospectus is accurate or adequate. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is August 3, 2023.



TABLE OF CONTENTS
i


ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form F-3 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) using a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, the Selling Securityholder may, from time to time, sell the securities described in this prospectus. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale by the Selling Securityholder of the securities described in this prospectus.
A prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information included in this prospectus. Any statement contained in this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in such prospectus supplement modifies or supersedes such statement. Any statement so modified will be deemed to constitute a part of this prospectus only as so modified, and any statement so superseded will be deemed not to constitute a part of this prospectus. You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, including information incorporated herein or in any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus. See “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Information Incorporated by Reference.
Neither we nor the Selling Securityholder have authorized anyone to provide any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement or any free writing prospectus we have prepared. We and the Selling Securityholder take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the securities offered hereby and only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus. This prospectus is not an offer to sell securities, and it is not soliciting an offer to buy securities, in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement is accurate only as of the date on the front of those documents only, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement, or any sale of a security. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.
This prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described below under “Where You Can Find More Information.”
We have proprietary rights to trademarks used in this prospectus that are important to our business, many of which are registered (or pending registration) under applicable intellectual property laws. This prospectus contains references to trademarks, trade names and service marks belonging to other entities. Solely for convenience, trademarks, trade names and service marks referred to in this prospectus may appear without the ® or TM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that the applicable licensor will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, its rights to these trademarks, trade names and service marks. We do not intend our use or display of other companies’ trade names, trademarks or service marks to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, any other companies.
On June 22, 2022 (the “EJFA Closing Date”), Pagaya consummated its previously announced business combination pursuant to that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of September 15, 2021 (the “EJFA Merger Agreement”), by and among EJF Acquisition Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company (“EJFA”), Pagaya and Rigel Merger Sub, a Cayman Islands exempted company and wholly-owned subsidiary of Pagaya. As contemplated by the EJFA Merger Agreement, Rigel Merger Sub merged with and into EJFA (the “EJFA Merger”), with EJFA surviving the EJFA Merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Pagaya (the “Surviving Company”). As a result of the EJFA Merger, and upon consummation of the EJFA Merger and the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “Transactions”), the shareholders of EJFA became shareholders of Pagaya. On the EJFA Closing Date, immediately following the EJFA Merger, the Surviving Company merged (the “Second Merger”) with and into Rigel Merger Sub II, Ltd., a Cayman Islands exempted company and wholly-owned subsidiary of Pagaya, with Rigel Merger Sub II continuing as the surviving company after the Second Merger.
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Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, all references in this prospectus to “Pagaya,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Pagaya Technologies Ltd., a company organized under the laws of the State of Israel, together with its subsidiaries following the EJFA Merger.
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MARKET PRICE INFORMATION
Our Class A Ordinary Shares and public warrants are currently listed on Nasdaq under the symbols “PGY” and “PGYWW,” respectively.
On August 2, 2023, the closing price for each Class A Ordinary Share and public warrant was $2.46 and $0.4450, respectively.
Holders of our securities should obtain current market quotations for their securities. The market price of our securities could vary at any time.
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SELECTED DEFINITIONS
Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement” refers to the Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement, dated as of June 22, 2022, by and among EJFA and Continental, pursuant to which EJFA assigned all of its rights, title and interest in the EJFA Warrant Agreement to Pagaya.
B. Riley Principal Capital II” refers to B. Riley Principal Capital II, LLC.
BRS” refers to B. Riley Securities, Inc., a registered broker-dealer and FINRA member.
Capital Restructuring” refers to, collectively, the Reclassification, the Preferred Share Conversion and the Stock Split as part of the EJFA Merger.
Class A Ordinary Shares” refers to the Class A ordinary shares, no par value, of Pagaya, following the Capital Restructuring, which carry voting rights of one vote per share of Pagaya.
Class B Ordinary Shares” refers to the Class B ordinary shares, no par value, of Pagaya, following the Capital Restructuring, which carry voting rights in the form of 10 votes per share of Pagaya.
Code” refers to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
Companies Law” refers to the Israeli Companies Law, 5759-1999, as amended, and the regulations promulgated thereunder.
Continental” refers to Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, the transfer agent, warrant agent and trustee of Pagaya.
EJF Investor” refers to EJF Debt Opportunities Master Fund, LP, a Delaware limited liability company, an affiliate of EJFA.
EJF Subscription Agreement” refers to that certain Subscription Agreement, dated as of September 15, 2021, by and between Pagaya and the EJF Investor, providing for the purchase by the EJF Investor at the consummation of the EJFA Merger of up to 20 million Class A Ordinary Shares at a price per share of $10.00, for an aggregate purchase price of up to $200 million.
EJFA” refers to EJF Acquisition Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company.
EJFA Class A Ordinary Shares” refers to the class A ordinary shares, par value $0.0001 per share, of EJFA.
EJFA Merger” refers to the merger of Rigel Merger Sub Inc., a Cayman Islands exempted company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Pagaya, with and into EJFA, as contemplated by the EJFA Merger Agreement.
EJFA Merger Agreement” refers to that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of September 15, 2021, by and among EJFA, Pagaya and Merger Sub.
EJFA Private Placement Warrants” refers to the 5,166,667 private placement warrants of EJFA entitling the holder to purchase one EJFA Class A Ordinary Share per warrant.
EJFA Public Warrants” refers to the 9,583,333 public warrants of EJFA entitling the holder to purchase one EJFA Class A Ordinary Share per warrant.
EJFA Warrant Agreement” refers to the Warrant Agreement, dated as of February 24, 2021, between EJFA and Continental.
Exchange Act” refers to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the regulations promulgated thereunder.
Financing Vehicles” refers to (i) funds managed or advised by Pagaya or one of its affiliates, (ii) securitization vehicles sponsored or administered by Pagaya or one of its affiliates and (iii) other similar vehicles.
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FINRA” refers to the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.
Founders” refers to the three founders of Pagaya (including any trusts the beneficiary of which is a founder of Pagaya and to the extent that a founder of Pagaya has the right to vote the shares held by such trust).
Israeli Securities Law” refers to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968, as amended, and the regulations promulgated thereunder.
ITA” refers to the Israel Tax Authority.mi
ITO” refers to the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance [New Version], 5721-1961, and the regulations, rules and orders promulgated thereunder, as amended.
Nasdaq” refers to The Nasdaq Capital Market.
Northland” refers to Northland Securities, Inc., a registered broker-dealer and FINRA member.
Pagaya” refers to Pagaya Technologies Ltd., together with its consolidated subsidiaries as a consolidated entity, a company organized under the laws of the State of Israel.
Pagaya A&R Articles” refers to the Amended and Restated Articles of Association of Pagaya, adopted on May 24, 2023.
Pagaya Board” refers to the board of directors of Pagaya.
Pagaya Equity Holders” refers to the shareholders of Pagaya as of immediately prior to the effective time of the EJFA Merger.
Pagaya Ordinary Shares” refers to the ordinary shares, NIS 0.01 each, of Pagaya, prior to the Capital Restructuring, provided, however, that after the Preferred Share Conversion and Reclassification, every reference to Pagaya Ordinary Shares shall be to the Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares, collectively.
Pagaya Preferred Shares” refers to the Pagaya’s Class A Preferred Shares, Class A-1 Preferred Shares, Class B Preferred Shares, Class C Preferred Shares, Class D Preferred Shares and Class E Preferred Shares, nominal value NIS 0.01 each, prior to the Capital Restructuring.
Partners” refers to financial institutions including, among others, banks, peer-to-peer lending networks, online marketplaces, non-bank finance companies, fintechs, financing intermediaries, consumer product companies, brokers, agents and credit unions that have entered into arrangements to utilize Pagaya’s AI technology and network to assist them in creating and originating credit and other assets that may be acquired by a Financing Vehicle.
Permitted Class B Owner” refers to a Founder or any person or entity that, through contract, proxy or operation of law, has irrevocably delegated the sole and exclusive right to vote the Class B Ordinary Shares held by such person or entity to a Founder.
PFIC” refers to a passive foreign investment company.
PIPE Investment” refers to the investment by the EJF Investor and by those certain other PIPE Investors pursuant to the Subscription Agreements.
PIPE Investors” refers to the EJF Investor and those certain other investors participating in the PIPE Investment pursuant to the Subscription Agreements.
Preferred Share Conversion” refers to the conversion of the outstanding Pagaya Preferred Shares into Pagaya Ordinary Shares in accordance with the EJFA Merger Agreement.
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private placement warrants” refers to the outstanding and unexercised warrants to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares issued by private placement, including those issued and exchanged for the EJFA Private Placement Warrants in connection with the EJFA Merger.
public warrants” refers to the outstanding and unexercised warrants to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares issued to holders of EJFA Public Warrants in connection with the EJFA Merger.
“Purchase Agreement” refers to the Ordinary Shares Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 17, 2022, by and between Pagaya and B. Riley Principal Capital II.
Reclassification” refers to the reclassification of each Pagaya Ordinary Share that was outstanding immediately following the Preferred Share Conversion (and for the avoidance of doubt, any warrant, right or other security convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable therefor, including each Pagaya Ordinary Share underlying any outstanding and unexercised option to purchase Pagaya Ordinary Shares issued pursuant to the Pagaya Share Plans, whether or not then vested or fully exercisable), into one Class A Ordinary Share or one Class B Ordinary Share, as applicable, as set forth in the EJFA Merger Agreement.
Registration Rights Agreement” refers to the Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of August 17, 2022, by and between Pagaya and B. Riley Principal Capital II.
SEC” refers to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
Securities Act” refers to the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Selling Securityholders” refers to the selling securityholders identified in this prospectus.
Sponsor” refers to Wilson Boulevard LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.
Stock Split” refers to the stock split of the Pagaya Ordinary Shares into a number of Pagaya Ordinary Shares calculated in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement such that each Pagaya Ordinary Share will have a value of $10.00 per share immediately following the Capital Restructuring on the basis of the Company Value (as defined in the EJFA Merger Agreement) set out in the EJFA Merger Agreement.
Subscription Agreements” refers to the EJF Subscription Agreement and the other subscription agreements entered into by the PIPE Investors, the form of which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 of Pagaya’s Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed with the SEC on April 7, 2022.
Treasury Regulations” refers to the regulations promulgated by the U.S. Department of the Treasury pursuant to and in respect of provisions of the Code.
United States” or “U.S.” refers to the United States of America, including the states, the District of Columbia and its territories and possessions.
U.S. GAAP” refers to the U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
U.S. Holder” refers to any beneficial owner of Pagaya securities, that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
a corporation (including any entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia;
an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
a trust if (i) a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the trust’s administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of the trust’s substantial decisions, or (ii) the trust has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury Regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.
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Warrant Agreement” refers to the EJFA Warrant Agreement, as assigned, assumed and amended by the Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement.
viii


CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS; MARKET, RANKING AND OTHER INDUSTRY DATA
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, or the PSLRA, provides safe harbor protections for forward-looking statements in order to encourage companies to provide prospective information about their business. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, our expectations concerning the outlook for our business, productivity, plans and goals for future operational improvements and capital investments, operational performance, future market conditions or economic performance and developments in the capital and credit markets and expected future financial performance, as well as any information concerning possible or assumed future results of operations.
Pagaya desires to take advantage of the safe harbor provisions of the PSLRA and is including this cautionary statement in connection with this safe harbor legislation. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this prospectus, including statements regarding our future financial position, business strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by words such as “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “forecast,” “intend,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “seek,” “strategy,” “future,” “opportunity,” “may,” “target,” “should,” “will,” “would,” “will be,” “will continue,” “will likely result,” or similar expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters.
Forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, and actual results or events may differ materially from those implied in those statements. Important factors that could cause such differences include, but are not limited to:
the ability to implement business plans and other expectations;
the impact of the continuation of or changes in the short-term and long-term interest rate environment;
difficult market or political conditions in which we compete;
the availability and cost of capital for our network;
our ability to develop and maintain a diverse and robust funding network;
our uncertain future prospects and rate of growth due to our relatively limited operating history;
the performance of our AI technology to meet return expectations of asset investors in Financing Vehicles;
our ability to improve, operate and implement our AI technology, including as we expand into new asset classes;
competition in attracting and onboarding new Partners and raising capital from asset investors through Financing Vehicles given the current limited number of Partners that account for a substantial portion of the total number of the financial products facilitated with the assistance of our AI technology;
anticipated benefits and savings from our recently announced reduction in workforce;
potential difficulties in retaining our current management team and other key employees and independent contractors, including highly-skilled technical experts;
our estimates of our future financial performance;
changes in the political, legal and regulatory framework for AI technology, machine learning; financial institutions and consumer protection;
the impact of health epidemics, including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic;
our ability to realize the potential benefits of past or future acquisitions;
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conditions related to our operations in Israel;
risks related to data, security and privacy;
changes to accounting principles and guidelines;
our ability to develop and maintain effective internal controls;
potential litigation or conflicts relating to the Company’s merger with EJF Acquisition Corporation;
the ability to maintain the listing of our securities on Nasdaq;
the price of our securities has been and may continue to be volatile;
unexpected costs or expenses;
future issuances, sales or resales of our Class A Ordinary Shares;
an active public trading market for our Class A Ordinary Shares may not be sustained; and
the other matters described in the section titled “Risk Factors” in our most recent annual report on Form 20–F.
We caution you not to rely on forward-looking statements, which reflect current beliefs and are based on information currently available as of the date a forward-looking statement is made. Forward-looking statements set forth herein speak only as of the date of this prospectus. We undertake no obligation to revise forward-looking statements to reflect future events, changes in circumstances or changes in beliefs except to the extent required by law. In the event that any forward-looking statement is updated, no inference should be made that we will make additional updates with respect to that statement, related matters, or any other forward-looking statements except to the extent required by law. Any corrections or revisions and other important assumptions and factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements, including discussions of significant risk factors, may appear in our public filings with the SEC, which are or will be (as appropriate) accessible at www.sec.gov, and which you are advised to consult. For additional information, please see the section titled “Where You Can Find More Information.
Market, ranking and industry data used throughout this prospectus, including statements regarding market size and technology adoption rates, is based on the good faith estimates of our management, which in turn are based upon our management’s review of internal surveys, independent industry surveys and publications and other third-party research and publicly available information. These data involve a number of assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to such estimates. While we are not aware of any misstatements regarding the industry data presented herein, its estimates involve risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” in our most recent annual report on Form 20-F, and any updates to those risk factors in our reports of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K incorporated by reference in this prospectus, together with all of the other information appearing or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and under similar headings in any amendment or supplement to this prospectus.
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SUMMARY OF THE PROSPECTUS
This summary highlights selected information from this prospectus and does not contain all of the information that is important to you. You should carefully read this entire prospectus and the other documents referred to in this prospectus, including the information presented under the section titled “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward Looking Statements” in this prospectus and “Risk Factors” in our most recent annual report on Form 20-F, before making an investment decision. The definition of some of the terms used in this prospectus are set forth under the section “Selected Definitions.” For additional information, see the section of this prospectus entitled “Where You Can Find More Information.” Each item in this summary refers to the page of this prospectus on which that subject is discussed in more detail.
Overview
Pagaya makes life-changing financial products and services available to more people.
We have built, and we are continuing to scale, a leading AI and data network for the benefit of financial services and other service providers, their customers, and investors. Services providers integrated in our network, which we refer to as our ‘‘Partners,’’ range from high-growth financial technology companies to incumbent banks and financial institutions. Partners benefit from our network to extend financial products to their customers, in turn helping those customers fulfill their financial needs. These assets originated by Partners with the assistance of Pagaya’s AI technology are eligible to be acquired by (i) funds managed or advised by Pagaya or one of its affiliates, (ii) securitization vehicles sponsored or administered by Pagaya or one of its affiliates and (iii) other similar vehicles (collectively, the “Financing Vehicles”).
In recent years, investments in digitization have improved the front-end delivery of financial products, upgrading customer experience and convenience. Notwithstanding these advances, we believe underlying approaches to the determination of creditworthiness for financial products are often outdated and overly manual. In our experience, providers of financial services tend to utilize a limited number of factors to make decisions, operate with siloed technology infrastructure and have data limited to their own experience. As a result, we believe financial services providers approve a smaller proportion of their application volume than is possible with the benefit of modern technology, such as our AI technology and data network.
At our core, we are a technology company that deploys sophisticated data science, machine learning and AI technology to drive better results across the financial ecosystem. We believe our solution drives a “win-win-win” for Partners, their customers and potential customers, and investors. First, by utilizing our network, Partners receive direct benefits from our network by approving a greater share of customer applications, which we believe drives superior revenue growth, enhanced brand affinity, opportunities to promote other financial products and decreased unit-level customer acquisition costs. Partners realize these benefits with limited incremental risk or funding requirements. Second, Partners’ customers benefit from enhanced and more convenient access to financial products. Third, investors benefit through gaining exposure to these assets originated by Partners with the assistance of our AI technology and acquired by the Financing Vehicles through our network.
Corporate Information
We were incorporated on March 20, 2016 and are organized under the laws of the State of Israel. We are registered with the Israeli Registrar of Companies. Our registration number is 51-542127-9. The mailing address of our principal executive office is Azrieli Sarona Bldg, 54th Floor, 121 Derech Menachem Begin, Tel-Aviv, 6701203, Israel and our phone number is +972 (3) 715 0920. Our website is www.pagaya.com. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus and is not incorporated by reference herein. Our agent for service of process in the U.S. is Pagaya US Holding Company LLC, located at 90 Park Ave, New York, NY 10016, and its telephone number is 646-710-7714.
The Committed Equity Financing
On August 17, 2022, we entered into an ordinary shares purchase agreement (“Purchase Agreement”) and a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) with B. Riley Principal Capital II, LLC (“B.
1


Riley Principal Capital II”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, we have the right to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II up to $300,000,000 of our Class A Ordinary Shares, subject to certain limitations and conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, from time to time during the term of the Purchase Agreement. Sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, and the timing of any sales, are solely at our option, and we are under no obligation to sell any securities to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement. In accordance with our obligations under the Registration Rights Agreement, we have filed the registration statement that includes this prospectus with the SEC to register under the Securities the resale by B. Riley Principal Capital II of up to 40,139,607 Class A Ordinary Shares, including (i) up to 40,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares that we may elect, in our sole discretion, to issue and sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II, from time to time from and after the Commencement Date (defined below) under the Purchase Agreement, and (ii) 139,607 Class A Ordinary Shares that we issued and may issue to B. Riley Principal Capital II if certain conditions are met pursuant to the Purchase Agreement (the “Commitment Shares”) in consideration for its commitment to purchase our Class A Ordinary Shares that we may, in our sole discretion, direct it to make from time to time after the date of this prospectus pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, of which 46,536 Commitment Shares were issued to B. Riley Principal Capital II on August 17, 2022 (the “Initial Commitment Shares”) and 93,071 Commitment Shares may be issued to the B. Riley Principal Capital II if certain conditions are met pursuant to the Purchase Agreement (the “Additional Commitment Shares”).
Upon the initial satisfaction of the conditions to B. Riley Principal Capital II’s purchase obligations set forth in the Purchase Agreement (the “Commencement”), including that the registration statement that includes this prospectus be declared effective by the SEC, we will have the right, but not the obligation, from time to time at our sole discretion over the 24-month period beginning on the date the Commencement occurs (the “Commencement Date”), to direct B. Riley Principal Capital II to purchase a specified number of our Class A Ordinary Shares (each, a “Purchase”), not to exceed the lesser of (such lesser number of shares, the “Purchase Maximum Amount”): (i) 10,000,000 of our Class A Ordinary Shares and (ii) 20.0% of the total aggregate number (or volume) of our Class A Ordinary Shares traded on Nasdaq during the applicable Purchase Valuation Period (as defined below) for such Purchase (such specified number of shares to be purchased by the Selling Securityholder in such Purchase, adjusted to the extent necessary to give effect to the applicable Purchase Maximum Amount and certain additional limitations set forth in the Purchase Agreement, the “Purchase Share Amount”), by timely delivering written notice to B. Riley Principal Capital II (each, a “Purchase Notice”) prior to 9:00 a.m., New York City time, on any trading day (each, a “Purchase Date”), so long as (a) the closing sale price of our Class A Ordinary Shares on Nasdaq on the trading day immediately prior to such Purchase Date is not less than $1.00, subject to adjustment as set forth in the Purchase Agreement (such price, as may be adjusted from time to time in accordance with the Purchase Agreement, the “Threshold Price”), and (b) all of our Class A Ordinary Shares subject to all prior purchases effected by us under the Purchase Agreement have been received by B. Riley Principal Capital II prior to the time we deliver such Purchase Notice to B. Riley Principal Capital II.
The per share purchase price that B. Riley Principal Capital II is required to pay for our Class A Ordinary Shares in a Purchase effected by us pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, if any, will be determined by reference to the volume weighted average price of our Class A Ordinary Shares (the “VWAP”), calculated in accordance with the Purchase Agreement, for the period (the “Purchase Valuation Period”) beginning at the official open (or “commencement”) of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Purchase, and ending at the earliest to occur of (i) 3:59 p.m., New York City time, on such Purchase Date or such earlier time publicly announced by the trading market as the official close of the regular trading session on such Purchase Date, (ii) such time that the total aggregate number (or volume) of our Class A Ordinary Shares traded on Nasdaq during such Purchase Valuation Period (calculated in accordance with the Purchase Agreement) reaches the applicable share volume maximum amount for such Purchase (the “Purchase Share Volume Maximum”), calculated by dividing (a) the applicable Purchase Share Amount for such Purchase by (b) 0.20, and (iii) to the extent that the Company elects in the applicable Purchase Notice that the Purchase Valuation Period will also be determined by the Minimum Price Threshold (as defined below), such time that the trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares on Nasdaq during such Purchase Valuation Period (calculated in accordance with the Purchase Agreement) falls below the applicable minimum price threshold for such Purchase specified by us in the Purchase Notice for such Purchase, or if we do not specify a minimum price threshold in such Purchase Notice, a price equal to 75.0% of the closing sale price of our Class A Ordinary Shares on the trading day immediately prior to the applicable Purchase Date for
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such Purchase (the “Minimum Price Threshold”), less a fixed 3.0% discount to the VWAP for such Purchase Valuation Period.
In the event that we elect in the applicable Purchase Notice that the Purchase Valuation Period will also be determined by the Minimum Price Threshold, for purposes of calculating the volume of our Class A Ordinary Shares traded during a Purchase Valuation Period, as well as the VWAP for a Purchase Valuation Period, the following transactions, to the extent they occur during such Purchase Valuation Period, are excluded: (x) the opening or first purchase of the Class A Ordinary Shares at or following the official open of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Purchase and (y) the last or closing sale of the Class A Ordinary Shares at or prior to the official close of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Purchase.
In the event that we do not elect in the applicable Purchase Notice that the Purchase Valuation Period will also be determined by the Minimum Price Threshold, the calculation of the volume of our Class A Ordinary Shares traded during a Purchase Valuation Period and the VWAP for a Purchase Valuation Period will exclude the following transactions. To the extent they occur during such Purchase Valuation Period: (x) the opening or first purchase of the Class A Ordinary Shares at or following the official open of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Purchase, (y) the last or closing sale of the Class A Ordinary Shares at or prior to the official close of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Purchase, and (z) all trades of the Class A Ordinary on Nasdaq during such Purchase Valuation Period at a price below the applicable Minimum Price Threshold for such Purchase.
In addition to the regular Purchases described above, after the Commencement, we will also have the right, but not the obligation, subject to the continued satisfaction of the conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, to direct B. Riley Principal Capital II to purchase, on any trading day, including the same Purchase Date on which a regular Purchase is effected (if any, although we are not required to effect an earlier regular Purchase on such trading day), a specified number of our Class A Ordinary Shares (each, an “Intraday Purchase”), not to exceed the lesser of (such lesser number of shares, the “Intraday Purchase Maximum Amount”): (i) 10,000,000 of our Class A Ordinary Shares and (ii) 20.0% of the total aggregate volume of our Class A Ordinary Shares traded on Nasdaq during the applicable “Intraday Purchase Valuation Period” (determined in the same manner as for a regular Purchase) for such Intraday Purchase (such specified number of shares, adjusted to the extent necessary to give effect to the applicable Intraday Purchase Maximum Amount, the “Intraday Purchase Share Amount”), by the delivery to B. Riley Principal Capital II of an irrevocable written purchase notice, after 10:00 a.m., New York City time (and after the Purchase Valuation Period for any prior regular Purchase (if any) and the Intraday Purchase Valuation Period for the most recent prior Intraday Purchase effected on the same Purchase Date (if any) have ended), and prior to 3:30 p.m., New York City time, on such Purchase Date (each, an “Intraday Purchase Notice”), so long as (i) the closing sale price of our Class A Ordinary Shares on the trading day immediately prior to such Purchase Date is not less than the Threshold Price and (ii) all of our Class A Ordinary Shares subject to all prior Purchases and all prior Intraday Purchases by B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement have been received by B. Riley Principal Capital II prior to the time we deliver such Intraday Purchase Notice to B. Riley Principal Capital II.
The per share purchase price for our Class A Ordinary Shares that we elect to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II in an Intraday Purchase pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, if any, will be calculated in the same manner as in the case of a regular Purchase (including the same fixed percentage discounts to the applicable VWAP as in the case of a regular Purchase, as described above), provided that the VWAP for each Intraday Purchase effected on a Purchase Date will be calculated over different periods during the regular trading session on Nasdaq on such Purchase Date, each of which will commence and end at different times on such Purchase Date.
There is no upper limit on the price per share that B. Riley Principal Capital II could be obligated to pay for our Class A Ordinary Shares we may elect to sell to it in any Purchase or any Intraday Purchase under the Purchase Agreement. In the case of Purchases and Intraday Purchases effected by us under the Purchase Agreement, if any, all share and dollar amounts used in determining the purchase price per share of our Class A Ordinary Shares to be purchased by B. Riley Principal Capital II in a Purchase or an Intraday Purchase (as applicable), or in determining the applicable maximum purchase share amounts or applicable volume or price threshold amounts in connection
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with any such Purchase or Intraday Purchase (as applicable), in each case, will be equitably adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, share split, reverse share split or other similar transaction occurring during any period used to calculate such per share purchase price, maximum purchase share amounts or applicable volume or price threshold amounts.
From and after Commencement, we will control the timing and amount of any sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II. Actual sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement will depend on a variety of factors to be determined by us from time to time, including, among other things, market conditions, the trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares and determinations by us as to the appropriate sources of funding for our business and operations.
We may not issue or sell any share of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement which, when aggregated with all other Class A Ordinary Shares then beneficially owned by B. Riley Principal Capital II and its affiliates (as calculated pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Rule 13d-3 thereunder), would result in B. Riley Principal Capital II beneficially owning more than 4.99% of the outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares (the “Beneficial Ownership Limitation”).
The net proceeds to us from sales that we elect to make to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement, if any, will depend on the frequency and prices at which we sell our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II. We expect that any proceeds received by us from such sales to B. Riley Principal Capital II will be used for working capital and general corporate purposes.
There are no restrictions on future financings, rights of first refusal, participation rights, penalties or liquidated damages in the Purchase Agreement or Registration Rights Agreement, other than a prohibition (with certain limited exceptions) on entering into specified “Variable Rate Transactions” (as such term is defined in the Purchase Agreement) during the term of the Purchase Agreement. Such transactions include, among others, the issuance of convertible securities with a conversion or exercise price that is based upon or varies with the trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares after the date of issuance, or our effecting or entering into an agreement to effect an “equity line of credit” or other substantially similar continuous offering with a third party, in which we may offer, issue or sell our Class A Ordinary Shares or any securities exercisable, exchangeable or convertible into our Class A Ordinary Shares at a future determined price. See “Plan of Distribution (Conflict of Interest)” for more information regarding Variable Rate Transactions.
B. Riley Principal Capital II has agreed that none of B. Riley Principal Capital II, its sole member or any entity managed or controlled by B. Riley Principal Capital II or its sole member, or any of their respective officers, will engage in or effect, directly or indirectly, for its own account or for the account of any other of such persons or entities, any short sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares or hedging transaction that establishes a net short position in our Class A Ordinary Shares during the term of the Purchase Agreement.
The Purchase Agreement will automatically terminate on the earliest to occur of (i) the first day of the month following the 24-month anniversary of the Commencement Date, (ii) the date on which the Selling Securityholder shall have purchased from us under the Purchase Agreement our Class A Ordinary Shares for an aggregate gross purchase price of $300,000,000, (iii) the date on which our Class A Ordinary Shares shall have failed to be listed or quoted on Nasdaq or another U.S. national securities exchange identified as an “eligible market” in the Purchase Agreement, (iv) the 30th trading day after the date on which a voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy proceeding involving our company has been commenced that is not discharged or dismissed prior to such trading day, and (v) the date on which a bankruptcy custodian is appointed for all or substantially all of our property or we make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors.
We have the right to terminate the Purchase Agreement at any time after Commencement, at no cost or penalty, upon two trading days’ prior written notice to B. Riley Principal Capital II. We and B. Riley Principal Capital II may also agree to terminate the Purchase Agreement by mutual written consent, provided that no termination of the Purchase Agreement will be effective during the pendency of any Purchase or any Intraday Purchase that has not then fully settled in accordance with the Purchase Agreement. Neither we nor B. Riley Principal Capital II may
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assign or transfer our respective rights and obligations under the Purchase Agreement or the Registration Rights Agreement, and no provision of the Purchase Agreement or the Registration Rights Agreement may be modified or waived by us or B. Riley Principal Capital II.
As consideration for B. Riley Principal Capital II’s commitment to purchase our Class A Ordinary Shares at our direction upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, upon execution of the Purchase Agreement, we issued 46,536 Initial Commitment Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II. In addition, (i) upon our receipt of total aggregate gross cash proceeds equal to $100,000,000 from B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement (if any), we will issue 46,536 additional Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal.
Capital II as Additional Commitment Shares, and (ii) upon our receipt of total aggregate gross cash proceeds equal to $200,000,000 from B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement (if any), we will issue an additional 46,535 Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II as Additional Commitment Shares, totaling 93,071 Additional Commitment Shares (in addition to the 46,536 Initial Commitment Shares we issued to the Selling Securityholder upon execution of the Purchase Agreement). Furthermore, we have agreed to reimburse B. Riley Principal Capital II for the reasonable legal fees and disbursements of B. Riley Principal Capital II’s legal counsel in an amount not to exceed (i) $100,000 upon our execution of the Purchase Agreement and Registration Rights Agreement and (ii) $7,500 per fiscal quarter, in each case in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement.
The Purchase Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement contain customary representations, warranties, conditions and indemnification obligations of the parties. Copies of the agreements have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement that includes this prospectus and are available electronically on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
We do not know what the purchase price for our Class A Ordinary Shares will be and therefore cannot be certain as to the number of shares we might issue to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement after the Commencement Date. As of June 30, 2023, there were 708,909,068 Pagaya Ordinary Shares outstanding, including 533,974,676 Class A Ordinary Shares, of which 349,740,364 shares were held by non-affiliates of our company. The Purchase Agreement provides that we may sell up to a maximum of 40,139,607 Class A Ordinary Shares for an aggregate $300,000,000, which Class A Ordinary Shares are being registered under the Securities Act for resale by the Selling Securityholder under this prospectus and represent (i) the 46,536 Initial Commitment Shares that we issued to B. Riley Principal Capital II upon execution of the Purchase Agreement on August 17, 2022, (ii) up to 93,071 Additional Commitment Shares that we may issue to B. Riley Principal Capital II pursuant to the Purchase Agreement if certain conditions are met, and (iii) up to 40,000,000 of our Class A Ordinary Shares that may be issued to B. Riley Principal Capital II from and after the Commencement Date, if and when we elect to sell shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement. If all of the shares offered for resale by B. Riley Principal Capital II under this prospectus were issued and outstanding as of the date hereof, such shares would represent approximately 7% of outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares, approximately 5% of outstanding Pagaya Ordinary Shares, and approximately 10% of our public float, as of June 30, 2023.The number of our Class A Ordinary Shares ultimately offered for resale by B. Riley Principal Capital II through this prospectus is dependent upon the number of Class A Ordinary Shares, if any, we elect to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement from and after the Commencement Date. The issuance of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II pursuant to the Purchase Agreement will not affect the rights or privileges of our existing shareholders, except that the economic and voting interests of each of our existing shareholders will be diluted. Although the number of Class A Ordinary Shares that our existing shareholders own will not decrease, the Class A Ordinary Shares owned by our existing shareholders will represent a smaller percentage of our total outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares after any such issuance.
On August 17, 2022, we entered into the Purchase Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement with B. Riley Principal Capital II. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, we have the right to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II, up to $300 million of our Class A Ordinary Shares, subject to certain limitations and conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, from time to time during the 24-month term of the Purchase Agreement. Sales of our Class A
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Ordinary Shares pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, and the timing of any sales, are solely at our option, and we are under no obligation to sell any securities to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement.
The per share purchase price for the shares of Class A Ordinary Shares that we elect to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, if any, will be determined by reference to the VWAP as defined within the Purchase Agreement, less a fixed 3% discount the VWAP for such Purchase Valuation Period (as defined in the Purchase Agreement). We cannot issue to B. Riley Principal Capital II more than 40,139,607 shares of Class A Ordinary Shares, which number of shares is approximately 9% of outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares immediately prior to the execution of the Purchase Agreement.
The net proceeds under the Purchase Agreement to the Company will depend on the frequency and prices at which we sell shares of our stock to B. Riley Principal Capital II.
As consideration for B. Riley Principal Capital II’s commitment to purchase shares of Class A Ordinary Shares at our direction upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, upon execution of the Purchase Agreement, we issued 46,536 shares of Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II. Expense of $1 million related to these shares was recognized within other income (loss), net in our consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2022, the Company has not sold any Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement.
The Purchase Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement contain customary representations, warranties, conditions and indemnification obligations of the parties. The foregoing descriptions of the Purchase Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement do not purport to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by the full text of such agreements, which are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibits 10.6 and 10.7, respectively, to this prospectus.
Emerging Growth Company Status
We qualify as an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). As such, we are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies,” including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “ Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a non-binding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. If some investors find our securities less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our securities and the prices of our securities may be more volatile.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. We have elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, we, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of our financial statements with certain other public companies difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
We will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of: (i) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following the fifth anniversary of June 22, 2022, (b) in which we have an annual total gross revenue of at least $1.235 billion, or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our ordinary equity that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last business day of the second fiscal quarter of such fiscal year; and (ii) the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt securities during
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the prior three-year period. References herein to “emerging growth company” have the meaning associated with it in the JOBS Act.
Foreign Private Issuer Exemptions
We report as a “foreign private issuer” under U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission rules. Consequently, we are subject to the reporting requirements under the Exchange Act applicable to foreign private issuers. As a result, we are not required to file our annual report on Form 20-F until 120 days after the end of each fiscal year and we will furnish reports on Form 6-K to the SEC regarding certain information required to be publicly disclosed by us in Israel or that is distributed or required to be distributed by us to our shareholders. Based on our foreign private issuer status, we will not be required to (i) file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as a U.S. company whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act, (ii) comply with Regulation FD, which addresses certain restrictions on the selective disclosure of material information or (iii) comply with SEC rules relating to proxy solicitation in connection with shareholder meetings and presentation of shareholder proposals. In addition, among other matters, based on our foreign private issuer status, our officers, directors and principal shareholders will be exempt from the reporting and “short-swing” profit recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules under the Exchange Act with respect to their purchases and sales of Pagaya Ordinary Shares.
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THE OFFERING
Class A Ordinary Shares offered by the Selling Securityholder
Up to 40,139,607 Class A Ordinary Shares, consisting of:
Up to 139,607 Commitment Shares that we issued or may issue to the Selling Securityholder pursuant to the Purchase Agreement in consideration of its commitment to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares at our election under the Purchase Agreement; and
Up to 40,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares (the “Purchase Shares”) we may elect, in our sole discretion, to issue and sell to the Selling Securityholder under the Purchase Agreement from time to time after the Commencement Date.
Class A Ordinary Shares outstanding as of June 30, 2023
533,974,676 Class A Ordinary Shares
Class A Ordinary Shares outstanding after giving effect to the issuance of the shares registered hereunder
574,114,283 Class A Ordinary Shares.
Use of proceeds
We will not receive any proceeds from the resale of Class A Ordinary Shares included in this prospectus by the Selling Securityholder. However, we may receive up to $300,000,000 in aggregate gross proceeds under the Purchase Agreement from sales of Class A Ordinary Shares that we may elect to make to Selling Securityholder pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, if any, from time to time in our sole discretion, from and after the Commencement Date.
We expect to use the net proceeds that we receive from sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares to the Selling Securityholder, if any, under the Purchase Agreement for working capital and general corporate purposes. We have not yet determined the amount of net proceeds to be used specifically for any of the foregoing purposes. Accordingly, we retain broad discretion over the use of the net proceeds from the sale of our Class A Ordinary Shares under the Purchase Agreement. The precise amount and timing of the application of such proceeds will depend upon our liquidity needs and the availability and cost of other capital over which we have little or no control. As of the date hereof, we cannot specify with certainty the particular uses for the net proceeds. See the section titled “Use of Proceeds.”
Risk Factors
See the section titled “Risk Factors” in our most recent annual report on Form 20-F and any updates to those risk factors in our reports of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K incorporated by reference in this prospectus, together with all of the other information appearing or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and under similar headings in any amendment or supplement to this prospectus.
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Conflict of Interest
B. Riley Principal Capital II, LLC is an affiliate of B. Riley Securities, Inc. (“BRS”), a registered broker-dealer and FINRA (as defined below) member. BRS will act as an executing broker that will effectuate resales of our Class A Ordinary Shares that have been and may be acquired by B. Riley Principal Capital II from us pursuant to the Purchase Agreement to the public in this offering.
Because B. Riley Principal Capital II will receive all the net proceeds from such resales of our Class A Ordinary Shares made to the public through BRS, BRS is deemed to have a “conflict of interest” within the meaning of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) Rule 5121. Consequently, this offering will be conducted in compliance with the provisions of FINRA Rule 5121, which requires that a “qualified independent underwriter,” as defined in FINRA Rule 5121, participate in the preparation of the registration statement that includes this prospectus and exercise the usual standards of “due diligence” with respect thereto. Accordingly, we have engaged Northland Securities, Inc., a registered broker-dealer and FINRA member (“Northland”), to be the qualified independent underwriter in this offering and, in such capacity, participate in the preparation of the registration statement that includes this prospectus and exercise the usual standards of “due diligence” with respect thereto. The Selling Securityholder has agreed to pay Northland a cash fee of $50,000 upon the completion of this offering as consideration for its services and to reimburse Northland up to $5,000 for expenses incurred in connection with acting as the qualified independent underwriter in this offering. Northland will receive no other compensation for acting as the qualified independent underwriter in this offering. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5121, BRS is not permitted to sell our Class A Ordinary Shares in this offering to an account over which it exercises discretionary authority without the prior specific written approval of the account holder. See “Plan of Distribution (Conflict of Interest).
Nasdaq Ticker-Symbol
Class A Ordinary Shares: “PGY”
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RISK FACTORS
We operate in a market environment that is difficult to predict and that involves significant risks, many of which are beyond our control. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in our most recent annual report on Form 20-F, which is incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and any updates to those risk factors in our reports of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K incorporated by reference in this prospectus, together with all of the other information appearing or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and under similar headings in any amendment or supplement to this prospectus. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of, or that we currently believe to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows in future periods or are not identified because they are generally common to businesses. If any of these risks occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations and future prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the trading price of Pagaya Ordinary Shares could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment. Please also read carefully the section above entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”
Risks Related to the Offering
It is not possible to predict the actual number of shares we will sell under the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement to B. Riley Principal Capital II, or the actual gross proceeds resulting from those sales.
On August 17, 2022, we entered into the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement with B. Riley Principal Capital II, pursuant to which B. Riley Principal Capital II has committed to purchase up to $300,000,000 of our Class A Ordinary Shares, subject to certain limitations and conditions set forth in the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement. The Class A Ordinary Shares that may be issued under the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement may be sold by us to B. Riley Principal Capital II at our discretion from time to time over the 24-month period beginning on the Commencement Date.
We generally have the right to control the timing and amount of any sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement. Sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares, if any, to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement will depend upon market conditions and other factors to be determined by us. We may ultimately decide to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II all, some or none of our Class A Ordinary Shares that may be available for us to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II pursuant to the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement.
Because the purchase price per share to be paid by B. Riley Principal Capital II for our Class A Ordinary Shares that we may elect to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement, if any, will fluctuate based on the market prices of our Class A Ordinary Shares at the time we elect to sell shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II pursuant to the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement, if any, it is not possible for us to predict, as of the date of this prospectus and prior to any such sales, the number of our Class A Ordinary Shares that we will sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement, the purchase price per share that B. Riley Principal Capital II will pay for shares purchased from us under the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement, or the aggregate gross proceeds that we will receive from those purchases by B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement.
The Equity Financing Purchase Agreement provides that we may sell up to a maximum of 40,139,607 Class A Ordinary Shares for an aggregate of $300,000,000, which Class A Ordinary Shares are being registered for resale under the registration statement that includes this prospectus and includes 46,536 Commitment Shares that we have issued to B. Riley Principal Capital II and 93,071 Commitment Shares that we may issue to B. Riley Principal Capital II if certain conditions are met pursuant to the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement. The number of Class A Ordinary Shares ultimately offered for sale by B. Riley Principal Capital II is dependent upon the number of Class A Ordinary Shares, if any, we ultimately elect to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement.
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The sale and issuance of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II will cause dilution to our existing shareholders, and the sale of Class A Ordinary Shares acquired by B. Riley Principal Capital II, or the perception that such sales may occur, could cause the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares to fall.
Upon the initial satisfaction of the conditions to B. Riley Principal Capital II’s purchase obligations under the Purchase Agreement, including the effectiveness of the registration statement that includes this prospectus, we will have the right, but not the obligation, from time to time at our sole discretion over the 24-month period beginning on the Commencement Date to direct B. Riley Principal Capital II to purchase up to $300,000,000 of our Class A Ordinary Shares, subject to certain limitations and conditions set forth in the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement. We are registering 40,139,607 Class A Ordinary Shares under the Securities Act for resale by the Selling Securityholder under this prospectus, which represents (i) the 46,536 Initial Commitment Shares that we issued to B. Riley Principal Capital II upon execution of the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement on August 17, 2022, (ii) up to 93,071 Additional Commitment Shares that we may issue to B. Riley Principal Capital II pursuant to the Purchase Agreement if certain conditions are met, and (iii) up to 40,000,000 of our Class A Ordinary Shares that may be issued to B. Riley Principal Capital II from and after the Commencement Date, if and when we elect to sell shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement. If all of the shares offered for resale by B. Riley Principal Capital II under this prospectus were issued and outstanding, such shares would represent approximately 7% of outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares, approximately 5% of outstanding Pagaya Ordinary Shares, and approximately 10% of our public float, as of June 30, 2023.
The purchase price for the shares that we may sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement will fluctuate based on the price of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Depending on market liquidity at the time, sales of such shares may cause the trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares to fall.
If and when we do sell shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II, after B. Riley Principal Capital II has acquired the shares, B. Riley Principal Capital II may resell all, some, or none of those shares at any time or from time to time in its discretion. Therefore, sales to B. Riley Principal Capital II by us could result in substantial dilution to the interests of other holders of our Class A Ordinary Shares. Additionally, the sale of a substantial number of Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II, or the anticipation of such sales, could make it more difficult for us to sell equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and at a price that we might otherwise wish to effect sales.
Under the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement, B. Riley Principal Capital II will purchase Class A Ordinary Shares at a per share price that will be less than the then-prevailing market price of the Class A Ordinary Shares which could cause the price of the Class A Ordinary Shares to decline.
The Class A Ordinary Shares to be issued to B. Riley Principal Capital II pursuant to the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement will be purchased at a per share price equal to the VWAP of the Class A Ordinary Shares for the applicable Purchase Valuation Period on the Purchase Date for each Purchase or the applicable Intraday Purchase Valuation Period on the Purchase Date for each Intraday Purchase, less a fixed 3.0% discount to the VWAP for such valuation period. Accordingly, B. Riley Principal Capital II will have a financial incentive to sell Class A Ordinary Shares immediately to realize the profit equal to the difference between the discounted purchase price and the then-prevailing market price for the Class A Ordinary Shares. If B. Riley Principal Capital II sells the Class A Ordinary Shares that it holds, the market price of Class A Ordinary Shares could decrease. If the market price of Class A Ordinary Shares decreases, B. Riley Principal Capital II may have a further incentive to sell Class A Ordinary Shares, and such sales may have a further impact on the market price of the Class A Ordinary Shares. The resale by B. Riley Principal Capital II of a significant amount of shares registered for resale in this offering at any given time, or the perception that these sales may occur, could cause the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares to decline and to be highly volatile.
Investors who buy shares at different times will likely pay different prices.
Pursuant to the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement, we will have discretion, subject to market demand, to vary the timing, prices, and numbers of shares sold to B. Riley Principal Capital II. If and when we do elect to sell Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II pursuant to the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement, after
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B. Riley Principal Capital II has acquired such shares, B. Riley Principal Capital II may resell all, some or none of such shares at any time or from time to time in its discretion and at different prices. As a result, investors who purchase shares from B. Riley Principal Capital II at different times will likely pay different prices for those shares, and so may experience different levels of dilution and in some cases substantial dilution and different outcomes in their investment results. Investors may experience a decline in the value of the shares they purchase from B. Riley Principal Capital II in this offering as a result of future sales made by us to B. Riley Principal Capital II at prices lower than the prices such investors paid for their shares in this offering. In addition, if we sell a substantial number of shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Equity Financing Purchase Agreement, or if investors expect that we will do so, the actual sales of shares or the mere existence of our arrangement with B. Riley Principal Capital II may make it more difficult for us to sell equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and at a price that we might otherwise wish to effect such sales.
Our management team will have broad discretion over the use of the net proceeds from our sale of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II, if any, and investors may not agree with how we use the proceeds and the proceeds may not be invested successfully.
Our management team will have broad discretion as to the use of the net proceeds from our sale of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II, if any, and we could use such proceeds for purposes other than those contemplated at the time of commencement of this offering. Accordingly, investors will be relying on the judgment of our management team with regard to the use of those net proceeds, and investors will not have the opportunity, as part of their investment decision, to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately. It is possible that, pending their use, we may invest those net proceeds in a way that does not yield a favorable, or any, return for us. The failure of our management team to use such funds effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows.
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THE COMMITTED EQUITY FINANCING
Under the Purchase Agreement, from and after the Commencement Date, we will have the right to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II up to $300,000,000 of our Class A Ordinary Shares, subject to certain limitations set forth in the Purchase Agreement, from time to time during the term of the Purchase Agreement. Sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares by us to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement, and the timing of any such sales, are solely at our option, and we are under no obligation to sell any securities to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement. In accordance with our obligations under the Registration Rights Agreement, we have filed the registration statement that includes this prospectus with the SEC to register under the Securities Act the resale by B. Riley Principal Capital II of up to 40,139,607 Class A Ordinary Shares, consisting of (i) 139,607 Commitment Shares that we issued, or may issue if certain conditions are met, in each case, to B. Riley Principal Capital II as consideration for its commitment to purchase our Class A Ordinary Shares at our election under the Purchase Agreement, and (ii) up to 40,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares that we may elect, in our sole discretion, to issue and sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement, from time to time from and after the Commencement Date.
We do not have the right to commence any sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement until the Commencement Date, which is the date on which all of the conditions to B. Riley Principal Capital II’s purchase obligation set forth in the Purchase Agreement have initially been satisfied, including that the registration statement that includes this prospectus be declared effective by the SEC. From and after the Commencement Date, we will have the right, but not the obligation, from time to time at our sole discretion over the 24-month period beginning on the Commencement Date, to direct B. Riley Principal Capital II to purchase up to a specified maximum amount of Class A Ordinary Shares in one or more Purchases and Intraday Purchases as set forth in the Purchase Agreement, by timely delivering a written Purchase Notice for each Purchase, and timely delivering a written Intraday Purchase Notice for each Intraday Purchase, if any, to B. Riley Principal Capital II in accordance with the Purchase Agreement on any trading day we select as the Purchase Date therefor, so long as (i) the closing sale price of our Class A Ordinary Shares on the trading day immediately prior to such Purchase Date is not less than the Threshold Price and (ii) all of our Class A Ordinary Shares subject to all prior Purchases and all prior Intraday Purchases effected by us under the Purchase Agreement have been received by B. Riley Principal Capital II prior to the time we deliver such notice to B. Riley Principal Capital II.
From and after Commencement, the Company will control the timing and amount of any sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II. Actual sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement will depend on a variety of factors to be determined by us from time to time, including, among other things, market conditions, the trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares and determinations by us as to the appropriate sources of funding for our company and its operations.
We may not issue or sell any of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement which, when aggregated with all other Class A Ordinary Shares then beneficially owned by B. Riley Principal Capital II and its affiliates (as calculated pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and Rule 13d-3 thereunder), would result in B. Riley Principal Capital II beneficially owning our Class A Ordinary Shares in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, which is defined in the Purchase Agreement as 4.99% of the outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares.
The net proceeds to us from sales that we elect to make to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement, if any, will depend on the frequency and prices at which we sell our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II. We expect that any proceeds received by us from such sales to B. Riley Principal Capital II will be used for working capital and general corporate purposes.
Neither we nor B. Riley Principal Capital II may assign or transfer our respective rights and obligations under the Purchase Agreement or the Registration Rights Agreement, and no provision of the Purchase Agreement or the Registration Rights Agreement may be modified or waived by us or B. Riley Principal Capital II.
As consideration for B. Riley Principal Capital II’s commitment to purchase our Class A Ordinary Shares at our direction upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, upon execution of the
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Purchase Agreement, we issued 46,536 Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II. In addition, (i) upon our receipt of total aggregate gross cash proceeds equal to $100,000,000 from B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement (if any), we will issue 46,536 additional Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II as Additional Commitment Shares, and (ii) upon our receipt of total aggregate gross cash proceeds equal to $200,000,000 from B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement (if any), we will issue an additional 46,535 Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II as Additional Commitment Shares, totaling 93,071 Additional Commitment Shares (in addition to the 46,536 Initial Commitment Shares we issued to the Selling Securityholder upon execution of the Purchase Agreement). Furthermore, we have agreed to reimburse B. Riley Principal Capital II for the reasonable legal fees and disbursements of B. Riley Principal Capital II’s legal counsel in an amount not to exceed (i) $100,000 upon our execution of the Purchase Agreement and Registration Rights Agreement and (ii) $7,500 per fiscal quarter, in each case in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement.
The Purchase Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement contain customary representations, warranties, conditions and indemnification obligations of the parties. Copies of the agreements have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement that includes this prospectus and are available electronically on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
Purchases of our Class A Ordinary Shares Under the Purchase Agreement
Purchases
From and after the Commencement Date, we will have the right, but not the obligation, from time to time at our sole discretion over the 24-month period beginning on the Commencement Date, to direct B. Riley Principal Capital II to purchase a specified number of our Class A Ordinary Shares, not to exceed the applicable Purchase Maximum Amount, in a Purchase under the Purchase Agreement, by timely delivering a written Purchase Notice to B. Riley Principal Capital II, prior to 9:00 a.m., New York City time, on any trading day we select as the Purchase Date for such Purchase, so long as:
the closing sale price of our Class A Ordinary Shares on the trading day immediately prior to such Purchase Date is not less than the Threshold Price; and
all of our Class A Ordinary Shares subject to all prior Purchases and all prior Intraday Purchases effected by us under the Purchase Agreement have been received by B. Riley Principal Capital II prior to the time we deliver such Purchase Notice to B. Riley Principal Capital II.
The Purchase Maximum Amount applicable to such Purchase will be equal to the lesser of:
10,000,000 of our Class A Ordinary Shares; and
20.0% of the total aggregate number (or volume) of our Class A Ordinary Shares traded on Nasdaq during the applicable Purchase Valuation Period for such Purchase.
The actual number of our Class A Ordinary Shares that B. Riley Principal Capital II will be required to purchase in a Purchase, which we refer to as the Purchase Share Amount, will be equal to the number of shares that we specify in the applicable Purchase Notice, subject to adjustment to the extent necessary to give effect to the applicable Purchase Maximum Amount and other applicable limitations set forth in the Purchase Agreement, including the Beneficial Ownership Limitation.
The per share purchase price that B. Riley Principal Capital II will be required to pay for the Purchase Share Amount in a Purchase effected by us pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, if any, will be equal to the VWAP of our Class A Ordinary Shares for the applicable Purchase Valuation Period on the Purchase Date for such Purchase, less a fixed 3.0% discount to the VWAP for such Purchase Valuation Period. The Purchase Valuation Period for a Purchase is defined in the Purchase Agreement as the period beginning at the official open (or “commencement”) of
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the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Purchase, and ending at the earliest to occur of:
3:59 p.m., New York City time, on such Purchase Date or such earlier time publicly announced by the trading market as the official close of the regular trading session on such Purchase Date;
such time that the total aggregate number (or volume) of our Class A Ordinary Shares traded on Nasdaq during such Purchase Valuation Period reaches the applicable Purchase Share Volume Maximum for such Purchase, which will be determined by dividing (a) the applicable Purchase Share Amount for such Purchase, by (b) 0.20; and
to the extent that we elect in the Purchase Notice that the Purchase Valuation Period will also be determined by the applicable Minimum Price Threshold, such time that the trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares on Nasdaq during such Purchase Valuation Period falls below the applicable Minimum Price Threshold for such Purchase specified by us in the Purchase Notice for such Purchase, or if we do not specify a Minimum Price Threshold in such Purchase Notice, a price equal to 75.0% of the closing sale price of our Class A Ordinary Shares on the trading day immediately prior to the applicable Purchase Date for such Purchase.
In the event that we elect in the Purchase Notice that the Purchase Valuation Period will also be determined by the applicable Minimum Price Threshold, for purposes of calculating the volume of our Class A Ordinary Shares traded during a Purchase Valuation Period, as well as the VWAP for a Purchase Valuation Period, the following transactions, to the extent they occur during such Purchase Valuation Period, are excluded: (x) the opening or first purchase of our Class A Ordinary Shares at or following the official open of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Purchase and (y) the last or closing sale of our Class A Ordinary Shares at or prior to the official close of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Purchase.
In the event that we do not elect in the Purchase Notice that the Purchase Valuation Period will also be determined by the applicable Minimum Price Threshold, the calculation of the volume of our Class A Ordinary Shares traded during a Purchase Valuation Period and the VWAP for a Purchase Valuation Period will exclude the following transactions, to the extent they occur during such Purchase Valuation Period: (x) the opening or first purchase of our Class A Ordinary Shares at or following the official open of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Purchase, (y) the last or closing sale of our Class A Ordinary Shares at or prior to the official close of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Purchase, and (z) all trades of our Class A Ordinary on Nasdaq during such Purchase Valuation Period at a price below the applicable Minimum Price Threshold for such Purchase. such Purchase Valuation Period: (x) the opening or first purchase of our Class A Ordinary Shares at or following the official open of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Purchase, (y) the last or closing sale of our Class A Ordinary Shares at or prior to the official close of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Purchase, and (z) all trades of our Class A Ordinary on Nasdaq during such Purchase Valuation Period at a price below the applicable Minimum Price Threshold for such Purchase.
Intraday Purchases
In addition to the regular Purchases described above, after the Commencement, we will also have the right, but not the obligation, subject to the continued satisfaction of the conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, to direct B. Riley Principal Capital II to purchase, on any trading day we select as the Purchase Date therefor (including the same Purchase Date on which an earlier regular Purchase was effected by us (as applicable), although we are not required to effect an earlier regular Purchase on such Purchase Date in order to effect an Intraday Purchase on such Purchase Date), a specified number of our Class A Ordinary Shares, not to exceed the applicable Intraday Purchase Maximum Amount, in an Intraday Purchase under the Purchase Agreement, by timely delivering a written Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as such term is defined in the Purchase Agreement) to B. Riley Principal Capital II, after 10:00 a.m., New York City time (and after the Purchase Valuation Period for any prior regular Purchase (if any) and the Intraday Purchase Valuation Period for the most recent prior Intraday Purchase effected on
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the same Purchase Date (if any) have ended), and prior to 3:30 p.m., New York City time, on such Purchase Date, so long as:
the closing sale price of our Class A Ordinary Shares on the trading day immediately prior to such Purchase Date is not less than the Threshold Price; and
all of our Class A Ordinary Shares subject to all prior Purchases and all prior Intraday Purchases effected by us under the Purchase Agreement have been received by B. Riley Principal Capital II prior to the time we deliver such Intraday Purchase Notice to B. Riley Principal Capital II.
The Intraday Purchase Maximum Amount applicable to such Intraday Purchase will be equal to the lesser of:
10,000,000 of our Class A Ordinary Shares; and
20.0% of the total aggregate number (or volume) of our Class A Ordinary Shares traded on Nasdaq during the applicable Intraday Purchase Valuation Period for such Intraday Purchase.
The actual number of our Class A Ordinary Shares that B. Riley Principal Capital II will be required to purchase in an Intraday Purchase, which we refer to as the Intraday Purchase Share Amount, will be equal to the number of shares that we specify in the applicable Intraday Purchase Notice, subject to adjustment to the extent necessary to give effect to the applicable Intraday Purchase Maximum Amount and other applicable limitations set forth in the Purchase Agreement, including the Beneficial Ownership Limitation.
The per share purchase price that B. Riley Principal Capital II will be required to pay for the Intraday Purchase Share Amount in an Intraday Purchase effected by us pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, if any, will be calculated in the same manner as in the case of a regular Purchase, except that the VWAP used to determine the purchase price for the Intraday Purchase Share Amount to be purchased in an Intraday Purchase will be equal to the VWAP for the applicable Intraday Purchase Valuation Period on the Purchase Date for such Intraday Purchase, less a fixed 3.0% discount to the VWAP for such Intraday Purchase Valuation Period. The Intraday Purchase Valuation Period for an Intraday Purchase is defined in the Purchase Agreement as the period during the regular trading session on Nasdaq on such Purchase Date, beginning at the latest to occur of:
such time of confirmation of B. Riley Principal Capital II’s receipt of the applicable Intraday Purchase Notice;
such time that the Purchase Valuation Period for any prior regular Purchase effected on the same Purchase Date (if any) has ended; and
such time that the Intraday Purchase Valuation Period for the most recent prior Intraday Purchase effected on the same Purchase Date (if any) has ended,
and ending at the earliest to occur of:
3:59 p.m., New York City time, on such Purchase Date or such earlier time publicly announced by the trading market as the official close of the regular trading session on such Purchase Date;
such time that the total aggregate number (or volume) of our Class A Ordinary Shares traded on Nasdaq during such Intraday Purchase Valuation Period reaches the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum (as such term is defined in the Purchase Agreement) for such Intraday Purchase, which will be determined by dividing (a) the applicable Intraday Purchase Share Amount for such Intraday Purchase, by (b) 0.20; and
to the extent that we elect in the Intraday Purchase Notice that the Intraday Purchase Valuation Period will also be determined by the applicable Minimum Price Threshold, such time that the trading price of our Class A Ordinary Share on Nasdaq during such Intraday Purchase Valuation Period falls below the applicable Minimum Price Threshold for such Intraday Purchase specified by us in the Intraday Purchase Notice for such Intraday Purchase, or if we do not specify a Minimum Price Threshold in such Intraday
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Purchase Notice, a price equal to 75.0% of the closing sale price of our Class A Ordinary Shares on the trading day immediately prior to the applicable Purchase Date for such Intraday Purchase.
In the event that we elect in the Intraday Purchase Notice that the Intraday Purchase Valuation Period will also be determined by the applicable Minimum Price Threshold, for purposes of calculating the volume of our Class A Ordinary Shares traded during an Intraday Purchase Valuation Period, as well as the VWAP for an Intraday Purchase Valuation Period, the following transactions, to the extent they occur during such Intraday Purchase Valuation Period, are excluded: (x) the opening or first purchase of our Class A Ordinary Shares at or following the official open of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Intraday Purchase and (y) the last or closing sale of our Class A Ordinary Shares at or prior to the official close of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Intraday Purchase.
In the event that we do not elect in the Intraday Purchase Notice that the Intraday Purchase Valuation Period will also be determined by the applicable Minimum Price Threshold, the calculation of the volume of our Class A Ordinary Shares traded during an Intraday Purchase Valuation Period and the VWAP for an Intraday Purchase Valuation Period will exclude the following transactions, to the extent they occur during such Intraday Purchase Valuation Period: (x) the opening or first purchase of our Class A Ordinary Shares at or following the official open of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Intraday Purchase, (y) the last or closing sale of our Class A Ordinary Shares at or prior to the official close of the regular trading session on Nasdaq on the applicable Purchase Date for such Intraday Purchase, and (z) all trades of our Class A Ordinary on Nasdaq during such Intraday Purchase Valuation Period at a price below the applicable Minimum Price Threshold for such Intraday Purchase.
We may, in our sole discretion, timely deliver multiple Intraday Purchase Notices to B. Riley Principal Capital II prior to 3:30 p.m., New York City time, on a single Purchase Date to effect multiple Intraday Purchases on such same Purchase Date, provided that the Purchase Valuation Period for any earlier regular Purchase effected on the same Purchase Date (as applicable) and the Intraday Purchase Valuation Period for the most recent prior Intraday Purchase effected on the same Purchase Date have ended prior to 3:30 p.m., New York City time, on such Purchase Date, and so long as all of our Class A Ordinary Shares subject to all prior Purchases and all prior Intraday Purchases effected by us under the Purchase Agreement, including those effected earlier on the same Purchase Date (as applicable), have been received by B. Riley Principal Capital II prior to the time we deliver to B. Riley Principal Capital II a new Intraday Purchase Notice to effect an additional Intraday Purchase on the same Purchase Date as an earlier regular Purchase (as applicable) and one or more earlier Intraday Purchases effected on such same Purchase Date.
The terms and limitations that will apply to each subsequent additional Intraday Purchase effected on the same Purchase Date will be the same as those applicable to any earlier regular Purchase (as applicable) and any earlier Intraday Purchase effected on the same Purchase Date as such subsequent additional Intraday Purchase, and the per share purchase price for our Class A Ordinary Shares that we elect to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II in each subsequent additional Intraday Purchase effected on the same Purchase Date as an earlier regular Purchase (as applicable) and/or earlier Intraday Purchase(s) effected on such Purchase Date will be calculated in the same manner as in the case of such earlier regular Purchase (as applicable) and such earlier Intraday Purchase(s) effected on the same Purchase Date as such subsequent additional Intraday Purchase, with the exception that the Intraday Purchase Valuation Period for each subsequent additional Intraday Purchase will begin and end at different times (and may vary in duration) during the regular trading session on such Purchase Date, in each case as determined in accordance with the Purchase Agreement.
In the case of Purchases and Intraday Purchases effected by us under the Purchase Agreement, if any, all share and dollar amounts used in determining the purchase price per of our Class A Ordinary Share to be purchased by B. Riley Principal Capital II in a Purchase or an Intraday Purchase (as applicable), or in determining the applicable maximum purchase share amounts or applicable volume or price threshold amounts in connection with any such Purchase or Intraday Purchase (as applicable), in each case, will be equitably adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, share split, reverse share split or other similar transaction occurring during any period used to calculate such per share purchase price, maximum purchase share amounts or applicable volume or price threshold amounts.
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At or prior to 5:30 p.m., New York City time, on the applicable Purchase Date for a Purchase and/or Intraday Purchase, B. Riley Principal Capital II will provide us with a written confirmation for such Purchase and/or Intraday Purchase, as applicable, setting forth the applicable purchase price (both on a per share basis and the total aggregate purchase price) to be paid by B. Riley Principal Capital II for our Class A Ordinary Shares purchased by B. Riley Principal Capital II in such Purchase and/or Intraday Purchase, as applicable.
The payment for, against delivery of, our Class A Ordinary Shares purchased by B. Riley Principal Capital II in any Purchase or any Intraday Purchase under the Purchase Agreement will be fully settled within two (2) trading days immediately following the applicable Purchase Date for such Purchase or such Intraday Purchase (as applicable), as set forth in the Purchase Agreement.
Conditions Precedent to Commencement and Each Purchase
B. Riley Principal Capital II’s obligation to accept VWAP Purchase Notices and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices that are timely delivered by us under the Purchase Agreement and to purchase our Class A Ordinary Shares in Purchases and Intraday Purchases under the Purchase Agreement, are subject to (i) the initial satisfaction, at the Commencement, and (ii) the satisfaction, at the applicable “Purchase Commencement Time” and “Intraday VWAP Purchase Commencement Time” (as such terms are defined in the Purchase Agreement) on the applicable Purchase Date for each Purchase and Intraday Purchase after the Commencement Date, of the conditions precedent thereto set forth in the Purchase Agreement, all of which are entirely outside of B. Riley Principal Capital II’s control, which conditions including the following:
the accuracy in all material respects of the representations and warranties of the Company included in the Purchase Agreement;
the Company having performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with all covenants, agreements and conditions required by the Purchase Agreement to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Company;
the registration statement that includes this prospectus (and any one or more additional registration statements filed with the SEC that include our Class A Ordinary Shares that may be issued and sold by the Company to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement) having been declared effective under the Securities Act by the SEC, and B. Riley Principal Capital II being able to utilize this prospectus (and the prospectus included in any one or more additional registration statements filed with the SEC under the Registration Rights Agreement) to resell all of our Class A Ordinary Shares included in this prospectus (and included in any such additional prospectuses);
the SEC shall not have issued any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the registration statement that includes this prospectus (or any one or more additional registration statements filed with the SEC that include our Class A Ordinary Shares that may be issued and sold by the Company to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement) or prohibiting or suspending the use of this prospectus (or the prospectus included in any one or more additional registration statements filed with the SEC under the Registration Rights Agreement), and the absence of any suspension of qualification or exemption from qualification of our Class A Ordinary Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction;
FINRA shall not have provided an objection to, and shall have confirmed in writing that it has determined not to raise any objections with respect to the fairness and reasonableness of, the terms and arrangements of the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement;
there shall not have occurred any event and there shall not exist any condition or state of facts, which makes any statement of a material fact made in the registration statement that includes this prospectus (or in any one or more additional registration statements filed with the SEC that include our Class A Ordinary Shares that may be issued and sold by the Company to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement) untrue or which requires the making of any additions to or changes to the statements contained therein in order to state a material fact required by the Securities Act to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements then made therein (in the case of this prospectus or the prospectus included in
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any one or more additional registration statements filed with the SEC under the Registration Rights Agreement, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading;
this prospectus, in final form, shall have been filed with the SEC under the Securities Act prior to Commencement, and all reports, schedules, registrations, forms, statements, information and other documents required to have been filed by the Company with the SEC pursuant to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act shall have been filed with the SEC;
trading in our Class A Ordinary Shares shall not have been suspended by the SEC or Nasdaq, the Company shall not have received any final and non-appealable notice that the listing or quotation of our Class A Ordinary Shares on Nasdaq shall be terminated on a date certain (unless, prior to such date, our Class A Ordinary Shares are listed or quoted on any other Eligible Market, as such term is defined in the Purchase Agreement), and there shall be no suspension of, or restriction on, accepting additional deposits of our Class A Ordinary Shares, electronic trading or book-entry services by the Depository Trust Company with respect to our Class A Ordinary Shares;
the Company shall have complied with all applicable federal, state and local governmental laws, rules, regulations and ordinances in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of the Purchase Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement;
the absence of any statute, regulation, order, decree, writ, ruling or injunction by any court or governmental authority of competent jurisdiction which prohibits the consummation of or that would materially modify or delay any of the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement or the Registration Rights Agreement;
the absence of any action, suit or proceeding before any arbitrator or any court or governmental authority seeking to restrain, prevent or change the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement or the Registration Rights Agreement, or seeking material damages in connection with such transactions;
all of our Class A Ordinary Shares that may be issued pursuant to the Purchase Agreement shall have been approved for listing or quotation on Nasdaq (or if our Class A Ordinary Shares is not then listed on Nasdaq, then on any Eligible Market), subject only to notice of issuance;
no condition, occurrence, state of facts or event constituting a Material Adverse Effect (as such term is defined in the Purchase Agreement) shall have occurred and be continuing;
the absence of any bankruptcy proceeding against the Company commenced by a third party, and the Company shall not have commenced a voluntary bankruptcy proceeding, consented to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary bankruptcy case, consented to the appointment of a custodian of the Company or for all or substantially all of its property in any bankruptcy proceeding, or made a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors; and
the receipt by B. Riley Principal Capital II of the legal opinions and negative assurances, bring-down legal opinions and negative assurances, and audit comfort letters as required under the Purchase Agreement.
Termination of the Purchase Agreement
Unless earlier terminated as provided in the Purchase Agreement, the Purchase Agreement will terminate automatically on the earliest to occur of:
the first day of the month following the 24-month anniversary of the Commencement Date;
the date on which B. Riley Principal Capital II shall have purchased our Class A Ordinary Shares under the Purchase Agreement for an aggregate gross purchase price equal to $300,000,000;
the date on which our Class A Ordinary Shares shall have failed to be listed or quoted on Nasdaq or any other Eligible Market;
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the 30th trading day after the date on which a voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy proceeding involving our company has been commenced that is not discharged or dismissed prior to such trading day; and
the date on which a bankruptcy custodian is appointed for all or substantially all of our property, or we make a general assignment for the benefit of our creditors.
We have the right to terminate the Purchase Agreement at any time after Commencement, at no cost or penalty, upon two trading days’ prior written notice to B. Riley Principal Capital II. We and B. Riley Principal Capital II may also terminate the Purchase Agreement at any time by mutual written consent.
B. Riley Principal Capital II also has the right to terminate the Purchase Agreement upon five trading days’ prior written notice to us, but only upon the occurrence of certain events, including:
the occurrence and continuation of a Material Adverse Effect (as such term is defined in the Purchase Agreement);
the occurrence of a Fundamental Transaction (as such term defined in the Purchase Agreement) involving our company;
if any registration statement is not filed by the applicable Filing Deadline (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement) or declared effective by the SEC by the applicable Effectiveness Deadline (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement), or the Company is otherwise in breach or default in any material respect under any of the other provisions of the Registration Rights Agreement, and, if such failure, breach or default is capable of being cured, such failure, breach or default is not cured within 10 trading days after notice of such failure, breach or default is delivered to us;
if we are in breach or default in any material respect of any of our covenants and agreements in the Purchase Agreement or in the Registration Rights Agreement, and, if such breach or default is capable of being cured, such breach or default is not cured within 10 trading days after notice of such breach or default is delivered to us;
the effectiveness of the registration statement that includes this prospectus or any additional registration statement we file with the SEC pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement lapses for any reason (including the issuance of a stop order by the SEC), or this prospectus or the prospectus included in any additional registration statement we file with the SEC pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement otherwise becomes unavailable to B. Riley Principal Capital II for the resale of all of our Class A Ordinary Shares included therein, and such lapse or unavailability continues for a period of 20 consecutive trading days or for more than an aggregate of 60 trading days in any 365-day period, other than due to acts of B. Riley Principal Capital II; or
trading in our Class A Ordinary Shares on Nasdaq (or if our Class A Ordinary Shares are then listed on an Eligible Market, trading in our Class A Ordinary Shares on such Eligible Market) has been suspended for a period of three consecutive trading days.
No termination of the Purchase Agreement by us or by B. Riley Principal Capital II will become effective prior to the fifth trading day immediately following the date on which any pending Purchase and any pending Intraday Purchase has been fully settled in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Purchase Agreement, and no termination will affect any of our respective rights and obligations under the Purchase Agreement with respect to any pending Purchase, any pending Intraday Purchase, the Initial Commitment Shares, the Additional Commitment Shares, and any fees and disbursements of B. Riley Principal Capital II’s legal counsel in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. Both we and B. Riley Principal Capital II have agreed to complete our respective obligations with respect to any such pending Purchase and any pending Intraday Purchase under the Purchase Agreement. Furthermore, no termination of the Purchase Agreement will affect the Registration Rights Agreement, which will survive any termination of the Purchase Agreement.
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No Short-Selling or Hedging by B. Riley Principal Capital II
B. Riley Principal Capital II has agreed not to engage in or effect, directly or indirectly, for its own principal account or for the principal account of its sole member, any of its or its sole member’s respective officers, or any entity managed or controlled by it or its sole member, any (i) “short sale” (as such term is defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO of the Exchange Act) of our Class A Ordinary Shares or (ii) hedging transaction, which establishes a net short position with respect to our Class A Ordinary Shares, during the term of the Purchase Agreement.
Prohibition on Variable Rate Transactions
Subject to specified exceptions included in the Purchase Agreement, we are limited in our ability to enter into specified “Variable Rate Transactions” (as such term is defined in the Purchase Agreement) during the term of the Purchase Agreement. Such transactions include, among others, the issuance of convertible securities with a conversion or exercise price that is based upon or varies with the trading price of our Class A Ordinary Shares after the date of issuance, or our effecting or entering into an agreement to effect an “equity line of credit” or other substantially similar continuous offering with a third party, in which we may offer, issue or sell our Class A Ordinary Shares or any securities exercisable, exchangeable or convertible into our Class A Ordinary Shares at a future determined price. See “Plan of Distribution (Conflict of Interest)” for more information regarding Variable Rate Transactions.
Effect of Sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares under the Purchase Agreement on our Shareholders
All of our Class A Ordinary Shares that may be issued or sold by us to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement that are being registered under the Securities Act for resale by B. Riley Principal Capital II in this offering are expected to be freely tradable. Our Class A Ordinary Shares being registered for resale in this offering may be issued and sold by us to B. Riley Principal Capital II from time to time at our discretion over a period of up to 24 months commencing on the Commencement Date. The resale by B. Riley Principal Capital II of a significant amount of shares registered for resale in this offering at any given time, or the perception that these sales may occur, could cause the market price of our Class A Ordinary Shares to decline and to be highly volatile. Sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares, if any, to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement will depend upon market conditions and other factors to be determined by us. We may ultimately decide to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II all, some or none of our Class A Ordinary Shares that may be available for us to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.
If and when we do elect to sell our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, after B. Riley Principal Capital II has acquired such shares, B. Riley Principal Capital II may resell all, some or none of such shares at any time or from time to time in its discretion and at different prices. As a result, investors who purchase shares from B. Riley Principal Capital II in this offering at different times will likely pay different prices for those shares, and so may experience different levels of dilution, in some cases substantial dilution, and different outcomes in their investment results. Investors may experience a decline in the value of the shares they purchase from B. Riley Principal Capital II in this offering as a result of future sales made by us to B. Riley Principal Capital II at prices lower than the prices such investors paid for their shares in this offering. In addition, if we sell a substantial number of shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement, or if investors expect that we will do so, the actual sales of shares or the mere existence of our arrangement with B. Riley Principal Capital II may make it more difficult for us to sell equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and at a price that we might otherwise wish to effect such sales.
Because the purchase price per share to be paid by B. Riley Principal Capital II for our Class A Ordinary Shares that we may elect to sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement, if any, will fluctuate based on the market prices of our Class A Ordinary Shares during the applicable Purchase Valuation Period for each Purchase, and during the applicable Intraday Purchase Valuation Period for each Intraday Purchase, made pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, if any, as of the date of this prospectus it is not possible for us to predict the number of our Class A Ordinary Shares that we will sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement, the actual purchase price per share to be paid by B. Riley Principal Capital II for those shares, or the actual gross proceeds to be raised by us from those sales, if any. As of June 30, 2023, there were 533,974,676 Class A Ordinary
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Shares outstanding, of which 349,740,364 shares were held by non-affiliates. Although the Purchase Agreement provides that we may sell up to an aggregate of $300,000,000 of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II, 40,139,607 Class A Ordinary Shares are being registered for resale under the registration statement that includes this prospectus. If all of the 40,139,607 shares offered for resale by B. Riley Principal Capital II under this prospectus were issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2023, such shares would represent approximately 7% of the total number of Class A Ordinary Shares outstanding and approximately 10% of the total number of outstanding shares held by non-affiliates, in each case as of June 30, 2023.
The number of Class A Ordinary Shares ultimately offered for sale by B. Riley Principal Capital II is dependent upon the number of our Class A Ordinary Shares, if any, we ultimately sell to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement.
The issuance of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II pursuant to the Purchase Agreement will not affect the rights or privileges of our existing shareholders, except that the economic and voting interests of each of our existing shareholders will be diluted. Although the number of our Class A Ordinary Shares that our existing shareholders own will not decrease, our Class A Ordinary Shares owned by our existing shareholders will represent a smaller percentage of our total outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares after any such issuance.
The following table sets forth the amount of gross proceeds we would receive from B. Riley Principal Capital II from our sale of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement at varying purchase prices:
Assumed Average Purchase Price Per Share
Number of Registered Shares to be Issued if Full Purchase(1)
Percentage of Outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares After Giving Effect to the Issuance to B. Riley Principal Capital II(2)
Gross Proceeds from the Sale of Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II Under the Purchase Agreement
$1.0040,000,000
6.97%
$40,000,000
$2.0040,000,000
6.97%
$80,000,000
$2.46(3)
40,000,000
6.97%
$98,400,000
$3.0040,000,000
6.97%
$120,000,000
$4.0040,000,000
6.97%
$160,000,000
$5.0040,000,000
6.97%
$200,000,000
$6.0040,000,000
6.97%
$240,000,000
$7.0040,000,000
6.97%
$280,000,000
$8.0037,500,000
6.56%
$300,000,000
__________________
(1)Excluding the 139,607 Commitment Shares that we issued, and may issue, if certain conditions are met, to B. Riley Principal Capital II. Although the Purchase Agreement provides that we may sell up to $300,000,000 of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II, we are registering 40,139,607 shares under the registration statement that includes this prospectus. We will not issue more than an aggregate of 40,139,607 Class A Ordinary Shares. The number of shares to be issued as set forth in this column is without regard for the Beneficial Ownership Limitation.
(2)The denominator is based on 533,974,676 Class A Ordinary Shares outstanding as of June 30, 2023 (which, for these purposes, includes the 46,536 Initial Commitment Shares we issued to B. Riley Principal Capital II on August 17, 2022), adjusted to include the issuance of the number of shares set forth in the adjacent column that we would have sold to B. Riley Principal Capital II, assuming the average purchase price in the first column. The numerator is based on the number of shares issuable under the Purchase Agreement (that are the subject of this offering) at the corresponding assumed average purchase price set forth in the first column.
(3)The closing sale price of our Class A Ordinary Shares on Nasdaq on August 2, 2023.
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USE OF PROCEEDS
All of the Class A Ordinary Shares offered by the Selling Securityholder pursuant to this prospectus will be sold by the Selling Securityholder for its accounts. We will not receive any of the proceeds from these sales.
We may receive up to $300 million aggregate gross proceeds under the Purchase Agreement from any sales we make to the Selling Securityholder pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. The net proceeds from sales, if any, under the Purchase Agreement, will depend on the frequency and prices at which we sell our Class A Ordinary Shares to the Selling Securityholder after the date of this prospectus. See the section titled “Plan of Distribution (Conflict of Interest)” elsewhere in this prospectus for more information.
We expect to use any proceeds that we receive under the Purchase Agreement for working capital and general corporate purposes. As of the date of this prospectus, we cannot specify with certainty all of the particular uses, and the respective amounts we may allocate to those uses, for any net proceeds we receive. Accordingly, we will retain broad discretion over the use of these proceeds.
We have engaged Northland, a registered broker-dealer and FINRA member, to be the qualified independent underwriter in this offering and, in such capacity, participate in the preparation of the registration statement that includes this prospectus and exercise the usual standards of “due diligence” with respect thereto. The Selling Securityholder has agreed to pay Northland a cash fee of $50,000 upon the completion of this offering as consideration for its services and to reimburse Northland up to $5,000 for expenses incurred in connection with acting as the qualified independent underwriter in this offering.
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DIVIDEND POLICY
Pagaya currently expects to retain all future earnings for use in the operation and expansion of its business and does not plan to pay any dividends on Pagaya Ordinary Shares in the near future. The declaration, payment and amount of any future dividends will be made at the discretion of the Pagaya Board and will depend upon, among other things, the results of operations, cash flows and financial condition, operating and capital requirements, and other factors as the Pagaya Board considers relevant. There is no assurance that future dividends will be paid, and if dividends are paid, there is no assurance with respect to the amount of any such dividend.
The distribution of dividends may also be limited by the Companies Law, which permits the distribution of dividends only out of retained earnings or earnings derived over the two most recent years, whichever is greater, based on audited or reviewed financial statements for a period of up to two years ended no more than six months prior to the date of distribution, provided that there is no reasonable concern that payment of a dividend will prevent a company from satisfying its existing and foreseeable obligations as they become due. Under the Pagaya A&R Articles, dividend distributions may be determined by the Pagaya Board, without the need for shareholder approval. Payment of dividends may be subject to Israeli withholding taxes. See “Description of Securities and Certain Material Israeli Tax Considerations—Taxation of our shareholders for additional information.
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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES
A summary of the material provisions governing our securities is described below. This summary is not complete and should be read together with the Pagaya A&R Articles and warrant-related documents.
General
This section summarizes the material terms of the share capital of Pagaya and is not intended to be a complete summary of the rights and preferences of such securities, and is qualified by reference to the Pagaya A&R Articles and warrant-related documents, each of which is incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the current report on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on May 26, 2023 and certain provisions of Israeli law. We urge you to read each of the Pagaya A&R Articles and warrant-related documents described herein in their entirety for a complete description of the rights and preferences of our securities.
Share Capital
The authorized share capital of Pagaya consists of 80,000,000 Series A Preferred Shares, 8,000,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares, and 2,000,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares. As of June 30, 2023, 60,000,000 Series A Preferred Shares, 533,974,676 Class A Ordinary Shares and 174,934,392 Class B Ordinary Shares were issued and outstanding.
All of the outstanding Pagaya Ordinary Shares and Series A Preferred Shares are validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. The Pagaya Ordinary Shares and Series A Preferred Shares are not redeemable and do not have any preemptive rights.
Other than with respect to Class B Ordinary Shares, the Pagaya Board may determine the issue prices and terms for such shares or other securities, and may further determine any other provision relating to such issue of shares or securities. Pagaya may also issue and redeem redeemable securities on such terms and in such manner as the Pagaya Board shall determine.
The following descriptions of share capital and provisions of the Pagaya A&R Articles are summaries and are qualified by reference to the Pagaya A&R Articles. The Pagaya A&R Articles are an exhibit to the current report on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on May 26, 2023.
Registration Number and Purposes of Pagaya
Pagaya is registered with the Israeli Registrar of Companies. Pagaya’s registration number is 51-542127-9. Pagaya’s affairs are governed by the Pagaya A&R Articles, applicable Israeli law and specifically the Companies Law. Pagaya’s purpose as set forth in the Pagaya A&R Articles is to engage in any lawful act or activity.
Pagaya Ordinary Shares
Class A Ordinary Shares
Voting Rights
Holders of Class A Ordinary Shares will be entitled to cast one vote per each Class A Ordinary Share held as of the applicable record date. Generally, holders of both classes of Pagaya Ordinary Shares and the Series A Preferred Shares vote together as a single class on all matters (including the election of directors), and an action is approved by Pagaya shareholders if the number of votes cast in favor of the action exceeds the number of votes cast in opposition to the action, except where the Companies Law or the Pagaya A&R Articles require a special majority of non-controlling and disinterested shareholders, a separate majority or unanimous vote of the Class B Ordinary Shares, or a supermajority of the overall voting power once no Class B Ordinary Shares remain outstanding.
Transfer of Shares
Fully paid Class A Ordinary Shares are issued in registered form and may be freely transferred under the Pagaya A&R Articles, unless the transfer is restricted or prohibited by another instrument, applicable law or the
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rules of Nasdaq. The ownership or voting of Class A Ordinary Shares by non-residents of Israel is not restricted in any way by the Pagaya A&R Articles or the laws of the State of Israel, except for ownership by nationals of some countries that at the time are, or have been, in a state of war with Israel.
Dividend Rights
Pagaya may declare a dividend to be paid to the holders of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares in proportion to their respective shareholdings, provided that if a distribution is paid in the form of shares or rights to acquire shares, such shares or rights paid to a shareholder shall correspond to the class of shares held by such shareholder. Under the Companies Law, dividend distributions are determined by the board of directors and do not require the approval of the shareholders of a company unless the company’s articles of association provide otherwise. The Pagaya A&R Articles will not require shareholder approval of a dividend distribution and provide that dividend distributions may be determined by the Pagaya Board.
Pursuant to the Companies Law, the distribution amount is limited to the greater of retained earnings or earnings generated over the previous two years, according to the company’s most recently reviewed or audited financial statements (less the amount of previously distributed dividends, if not reduced from the earnings), provided that the date of the balance sheet contained in the financial statements is not more than six months prior to the date of the distribution. Accordingly, the “previous two years” for purposes of determining the maximum distribution are the 24 months ending at the end of the period to which the qualifying financial statements relate. If Pagaya does not meet such criteria, then it may distribute dividends only with court approval. In each case, Pagaya is permitted to distribute a dividend only if the Pagaya Board and, if applicable, the court determines that there is no reasonable concern that payment of the dividend will prevent Pagaya from satisfying its existing and foreseeable obligations as they become due.
Liquidation Rights
Upon a liquidation, merger, capital stock exchange, reorganization, sale of all or substantially all assets or other similar transaction involving Pagaya upon the consummation of which holders of Pagaya Ordinary Shares would be entitled to exchange their Pagaya Ordinary Shares for cash, securities or other property, and in the case of liquidation after satisfaction of liabilities to creditors, Pagaya’s assets will be distributed first to the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares to the extent of their Preference Amount, as defined below under “—Series A Preferred Shares—Liquidation Rights,” and then to the holders of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares in proportion to their shareholdings. This right, as well as the right to receive dividends, may be affected by the grant of preferential dividend or distribution rights to the holders of a class of shares with preferential rights which may be authorized in the future.
Repurchase
Class A Ordinary Shares may be repurchased subject to compliance with the Companies Law, in such manner and under such terms as the Pagaya Board may determine from time to time, or, where a repurchase agreement exists between Pagaya and a certain shareholder, according to the terms of such agreement. In general, share repurchases must satisfy the same requirements as noted above for dividends (in terms of the maximum distribution amount, with dividends and share repurchases aggregated for this purpose; the ability to seek court approval; and the requirement that the repurchase will not prevent Pagaya from satisfying its existing and foreseeable obligations as they become due).
Class B Ordinary Shares
Issuance of Class B Ordinary Shares
Class B Ordinary Shares may be issued only to, and registered in the names of, one of the Founders (including any trusts the beneficiary of which is a Founder and to the extent that a Founder has the right to vote the shares held by such trust), or any person or entity that, through contract, proxy or operation of law, has irrevocably been delegated the sole and exclusive right to vote the Class B Ordinary Shares held by any person or entity that, through
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contract, proxy or operation of law, has irrevocably delegated the sole and exclusive right to vote the Class B Ordinary Shares held by the Permitted Class B Owners.
Voting Rights and Protective Provisions
Holders of Class B Ordinary Shares will be entitled to cast 10 votes per each Class B Ordinary Share held as of the applicable record date. Generally, holders of both classes of Pagaya Ordinary Shares and the Series A Preferred Shares vote together as a single class on all matters (including the election of directors), and an action is approved by Pagaya shareholders if the number of votes cast in favor of the action exceeds the number of votes cast in opposition to the action, except where the Companies Law or the Pagaya A&R Articles require a special majority of non-controlling and disinterested shareholders, a separate majority or unanimous vote of the Class B Ordinary Shares or a supermajority of the overall voting power once no Class B Ordinary Shares remain outstanding.
Specific actions set forth in the Pagaya A&R Articles may not be effected by Pagaya without the prior affirmative vote of 100% of the outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares, voting as a separate class. Such actions include the following:
directly or indirectly, whether by amendment, or through merger, recapitalization, consolidation or otherwise, amending or repealing, or adopting any provision of the Pagaya A&R Articles inconsistent with, or otherwise altering, any provision of the Pagaya A&R Articles that modifies the voting, conversion or other rights, powers, preferences, privileges or restrictions of the Class B Ordinary Shares;
reclassifying any outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares into shares having the right to more than one vote for each share thereof, except as required by law;
issuing any Class B Ordinary Shares (other than Class B Ordinary Shares originally issued by Pagaya after June 22, 2022 pursuant to the exercise or conversion of options or private placement warrants that, in each case, were outstanding as of June 22, 2022);
authorizing, or issuing any shares of any class or series of Pagaya’s share capital having the right to more than one vote for each share thereof; and
modifying the rights attached to the Class B Ordinary Shares.
Dividend Rights
Holders of Class B Ordinary Shares will participate pro rata with the holders of Class A Ordinary Shares and the holders of Series A Preferred Shares, in proportion to their respective shareholdings, in any dividend declared by the board of directors. See “—Class A Ordinary Shares—Dividend Rights” above.
Liquidation Rights
Upon a liquidation, merger, share exchange, reorganization, sale of all or substantially all assets or other similar transaction involving Pagaya upon the consummation of which holders of Pagaya Ordinary Shares would be entitled to exchange their Pagaya Ordinary Shares for cash, securities or other property, and in the case of liquidation after satisfaction of liabilities to creditors, Pagaya’s assets will be distributed first to the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares to the extent of their preference amount, as defined below under “—Series A Preferred Shares—Liquidation Rights,” and then to the holders of Class B Ordinary Shares and Class A Ordinary Shares, in proportion to their respective shareholdings. This right, as well as the right to receive dividends, may be affected by the grant of preferential dividend or distribution rights to the holders of a class of shares with preferential rights which may be authorized in the future. See “—Class A Ordinary Shares—Liquidation Rights” above.
Transfers
Holders of Class B Ordinary Shares are restricted from transferring such shares other than to a Permitted Class B Owner.
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Conversion
Each Class B Ordinary Share shall be convertible into one Class A Ordinary Share at the option of the holder, at any time.
In addition, each Class B Ordinary Share will automatically be converted into a Class A Ordinary Share upon the earlier to occur of (1) such time as the Founders and the Permitted Class B Owners first collectively hold less than 10% of the total issued and outstanding ordinary share capital of Pagaya, and (2) the fifteenth (15th) anniversary of the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (as defined herein).
Moreover, the Class B Ordinary Shares held by a Founder and by any Permitted Class B Owners affiliated with such Founder will automatically be converted into Class A Ordinary Shares upon the earliest to occur of:
1.(1)(a) such Founder’s employment or engagement as an officer of Pagaya being terminated not for Cause (as defined in the Pagaya A&R Articles), (b) such Founder’s resigning as an officer of Pagaya, (c) death or Permanent Disability (as defined in the Pagaya A&R Articles) of such Founder; provided, however, that if such Founder or such Permitted Class B Owner validly provides for the transfer of some or all of his, her or its Class B Ordinary Shares to one or more of the other Founders or Permitted Class B Owners affiliated with one or more of the other Founders in the event of death or Permanent Disability (as defined in the Pagaya A&R Articles), then such Class B Ordinary Shares that are transferred to another Founder or Permitted Class B Owner affiliated with one or more of the other Founders shall remain Class B Ordinary Shares and shall not convert into an equal number of Class A Ordinary Shares or (d) the appointment of a receiver, trustee or similar official in bankruptcy or similar proceeding with respect to a Founder or his Class B Ordinary Shares; and (2) such Founder no longer serving as a member of the Pagaya Board;
2.90 days following the date on which such Founder first receives notice that his employment as an officer of Pagaya is terminated for Cause (as defined in the Pagaya A&R Articles), subject to extensions or cancellation under specified circumstances; or
3.a transfer of such Class B Ordinary Shares to any person or entity other than a Permitted Class B Owner.
Repurchase
The Class B Ordinary Shares will not be subject to repurchase.
Series A Preferred Shares
Voting Rights and Protective Provisions
Each Series A Preferred Share has one vote for each Class A Ordinary Share into which the Series A Preferred Share could be converted as of the applicable record date set for the vote on any matter. The Series A Preferred Shares will vote together with the Class A Ordinary Shares and the Class B Ordinary Shares of the Company as a single class and not as a separate class in all shareholder meetings, except as required by law or by the Pagaya A&R Articles.
Any modification to the rights, preferences or privileges of the Series A Preferred Shares will require the approval of a majority of the Series A Preferred Shares represented and voted, in person or by proxy, in a class meeting of the then-outstanding Series A Preferred Shares convened for such purpose.
Dividend Rights
Holders of Series A Preferred Shares will participate pro rata with the holders of Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares, in proportion to their respective shareholdings, in any dividend declared by the board of directors. See “—Class A Ordinary Shares—Dividend Rights” and “—Class B Ordinary Shares—Dividend Rights” above.
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Liquidation Rights
The Series A Preferred Shares have preference over the Ordinary Shares with respect to distribution of assets or available proceeds, as applicable (“Distributable Assets”), in the event of any liquidation, merger, capital stock exchange, reorganization, sale of all or substantially all assets or other similar transaction involving the Company upon the consummation of which holders of shares would be entitled to exchange their shares for cash, securities or other property (each, a “Liquidation Event”). Upon a Liquidation Event, the holders of Series A Preferred Shares then outstanding will be entitled to receive, before any payment is made to holders of Ordinary Shares and after payments to satisfy and discharge indebtedness, an amount per share held by them (the “Preference Amount”) equal to the greatest of:
(i)the sum of US$1.25 per each Series A Preferred Share (in each case as adjusted for any bonus shares, subdivisions, combinations, splits, recapitalizations and the like with respect to such Series A Preferred Shares or the Pagaya Ordinary Shares after the effective date hereof) (the “Original Issue Price”) of such share plus an amount equal to 3.0% of the Original Issue Price for each full semiannual period for which such Preferred Share has been outstanding (without compounding);
(ii) the amount such holder would actually have received for each Series A Preferred Share if such Series A Preferred Share had been converted into Class A Ordinary Shares immediately prior to such Liquidation Event; or
(iii)two times the Original Issue Price.
For purposes of clause (ii), the computation will assume that (a) all Series A Preferred Shares whose conversion or assumed conversion into Class A Ordinary Shares would result in a greater distribution amount will be considered as if they have been so converted (without being required to actually convert), and (b) all other Series A Preferred Shares (i.e. whose conversion or assumed conversion would not have yielded such greater amount) will be considered as if they received the distribution amount that assumes no such conversion. In the event that the Distributable Assets are insufficient to pay in full the Preference Amount in respect of each Preferred Share then outstanding, all Distributable Assets shall be distributed on a pari passu basis among the holders of the Preferred Shares in proportion to the respective full Preference Amount otherwise payable to such holders at that time under the Pagaya A&R Articles. After payment in full of the Preference Amount in respect of all Preferred Shares then outstanding, in accordance with Pagaya A&R Articles, the remaining Distributable Assets, if any, shall be distributed among the holders of Ordinary Shares only (i.e. excluding any Class A Ordinary Shares deemed issued upon the conversion of any Series A Preferred Shares then outstanding that participated in the distribution pursuant to the Pagaya A&R Articles, pro rata, based on the number of Class A Ordinary Shares (on an as-converted basis) held by each such holder.
Conversion
Each Series A Preferred Share is convertible into one Class A Ordinary Share, at the option of the holder thereof at any time, upon written notice to the Company and the Company’s transfer agent. In addition, at any time on or after the sixth anniversary of the issuance of the Series A Preferred Shares, and if the Series A Preferred Shares have not already been converted in accordance with the applicable provisions in the Pagaya A&R Articles, if and only if so elected by the Company, all Series A Preferred Shares that remain outstanding will automatically convert, with each Series A Preferred Share then outstanding converting into the following number of Class A Ordinary Shares, based on the volume weighted average trading price of the Class A Ordinary Shares for the thirty trading days immediately preceding the date of the Company’s written notice to the holders of the Preferred Shares of its election to so automatically convert all then-outstanding Preferred Shares (“30-Day VWAP Average”) pursuant to the applicable terms specified in the Pagaya A&R Articles. All shareholders of record of Series A Preferred Shares shall be sent written notice of the Company’s election to require conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares and the time of mandatory conversion, on or before the time of the designated mandatory conversion, together with all information necessary to allow the conversion. Such conversion shall occur on the fifth trading day after such notice is given.
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In addition, at any time if, based on the 30-Day VWAP Average, the value of a Series A Preferred Share, on an as-converted basis, represents a return of the Original Issue Price (as defined in the Pagaya A&R Articles) equal to a minimum multiple of the Original Issue Price (“MOIP”) as specified in the Pagaya A&R Articles, the Company shall have the right, but not the obligation, within five trading days thereafter, to notify the holders of the then-outstanding Series A Preferred Shares of the Company’s election to automatically convert each Series A Preferred Share then outstanding into one Class A Ordinary Share without any further action by the holder thereof on the tenth trading day following the achievement of the MOIP.
Repurchase
The Series A Preferred Shares will not be subject to repurchase.
Warrants
Pagaya entered into the Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement (the “Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement”) on June 22, 2022 with EJFA and Continental, pursuant to which EJFA assigned all of its right, title and interest in the Warrant Agreement, dated as of February 24, 2021 (the “EJFA Warrant Agreement”), between EJFA and Continental, to Pagaya, and Pagaya accepted such assignment and assumed all the liabilities and obligations of EJFA under the EJFA Warrant Agreement (the EJFA Warrant Agreement as assigned, assumed and amended by the Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement, the “Warrant Agreement”). The warrants discussed below were issued in connection with the transactions contemplated by EJFA Merger Agreement, by and among Pagaya, EJFA and Rigel Merger Sub Inc., and are governed by the Warrant Agreement.
Public Warrants
Each whole warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one Class A Ordinary Share, subject to adjustment as discussed below, at any time commencing 30 days after June 22, 2022. Pursuant to the Warrant Agreement, a holder of a public warrant may exercise its warrants only for a whole number of Class A Ordinary Shares. This means only a whole warrant may be exercised at a given time by a holder. No fractional warrants will be issued and only whole warrants will trade. The public warrants will expire five years after June 22, 2022, at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.
Pagaya will not be obligated to deliver any Class A Ordinary Shares pursuant to the exercise of a public warrant and will have no obligation to settle such warrant exercise unless a registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to the Class A Ordinary Shares underlying the warrants is then effective and a prospectus relating thereto is current, subject to Pagaya satisfying its registration obligations. No public warrant will be exercisable and Pagaya will not be obligated to issue a Class A Ordinary Share upon exercise of a public warrant unless the Class A Ordinary Share issuable upon such warrant exercise has been registered, qualified or deemed to be exempt under the securities laws of the state of residence of the registered holder of the public warrants. In the event that the conditions in the two immediately preceding sentences are not satisfied with respect to a public warrant, the holder of such warrant will not be entitled to exercise such warrant and such warrant may have no value and expire worthless (unless Pagaya permits holders to exercise their public warrants on a “cashless basis” under the circumstances specified in the Warrant Agreement and in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, provided that such exemption is available, but in no event will Pagaya be required to net cash settle any public warrant).
Redemption of Public Warrants for Cash
Pagaya will be able to call the public warrants for redemption for cash:
in whole and not in part;
at a price of $0.01 per warrant;
upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption to each warrant holder; and
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if, and only if, the closing price of the Class A Ordinary Shares equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock capitalizations, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like and for certain issuances of Class A Ordinary Shares and equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement) for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading day period ending three business days before Pagaya sends to the notice of redemption to the warrant holders.
If and when the public warrants become redeemable by Pagaya for cash, Pagaya will be able to exercise its redemption right even if Pagaya is unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws.
Pagaya will establish the last of the redemption criterion discussed above to prevent a redemption call unless there is at the time of the call a significant premium to the public warrant exercise price. If the foregoing conditions are satisfied and Pagaya issues a notice of redemption of the public warrants, each warrant holder will be entitled to exercise his, her or its public warrant prior to the scheduled redemption date. However, the price of the Class A Ordinary Shares may fall below the $18.00 redemption trigger price (as adjusted for stock splits, stock capitalizations, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like and for certain issuances of Class A Ordinary Shares and equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement) as well as the $11.50 public warrant exercise price after the redemption notice is issued.
Redemption of public warrants when the per share price of Class A Ordinary Shares equals or exceeds $10.00
Once the public warrants become exercisable, Pagaya may redeem the outstanding public warrants:
in whole and not in part;
for cash at a price of at $0.10 per warrant upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption; provided that holders will be able to exercise their public warrants on a cashless basis prior to redemption and receive that number of shares determined by reference to the table included in the Warrant Agreement, based on the redemption date and the “fair market value” of the Class A Ordinary Shares as described in the Warrant Agreement; and
if, and only if, the last reported sale price of the Class A Ordinary Shares equals or exceeds $10.00 per share (subject to adjustment in compliance with the terms of the Warrant Agreement) for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading-day period ending on, and including, the third trading day prior to the date on which we send the notice of redemption to the warrant holders.
Beginning on the date the notice of redemption is given until the public warrants are redeemed or exercised, holders may elect to exercise their public warrants on a cashless basis.
Redemption Procedures and Cashless Exercise
If Pagaya calls the public warrants for redemption as described above under “—Redemption of Public Warrants for Cash,” Pagaya’s management will have the option to require any holder that wishes to exercise his, her or its warrant to do so on a “cashless basis.” In determining whether to require all holders to exercise their public warrants on a “cashless basis,” Pagaya’s management will consider, among other factors, Pagaya’s cash position, the number of public warrants that are outstanding and the dilutive effect on Pagaya shareholders of issuing the maximum number of Class A Ordinary Shares issuable upon the exercise of the public warrants. If Pagaya’s management takes advantage of this option, all holders of public warrants would pay the exercise price by surrendering their public warrants for that number of Class A Ordinary Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of Class A Ordinary Shares underlying the public warrants, multiplied by the excess of the “fair market value” of Class A Ordinary Shares (defined below) over the exercise price of the public warrants by (y) the fair market value. The “fair market value” will mean the average closing price of the Class A Ordinary Shares for the 10 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the
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notice of redemption is sent to the holders of public warrants. If Pagaya’s management takes advantage of this option, the notice of redemption will contain the information necessary to calculate the number of Class A Ordinary Shares to be received upon exercise of the public warrants, including the “fair market value” in such case. Requiring a cashless exercise in this manner will reduce the number of shares to be issued and thereby lessen the dilutive effect of a warrant redemption. If Pagaya calls its public warrants for redemption and Pagaya’s management does not take advantage of this option, the holders of the private placement warrants and their permitted transferees would still be entitled to exercise their private placement warrants for cash or on a cashless basis using the same formula described above.
A holder of a public warrant may notify Pagaya in writing in the event it elects to be subject to a requirement that such holder will not have the right to exercise such warrant, to the extent that after giving effect to such exercise, such person (together with such person’s affiliates), to the transfer agent’s actual knowledge, would beneficially own in excess of 4.9% or 9.8% (as specified by the holder) of the Class A Ordinary Shares outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise.
If the number of outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares is increased by a share capitalization payable in Class A Ordinary Shares, or by a split-up of Pagaya Ordinary Shares or other similar event, then, on the effective date of such share capitalization, split-up or similar event, the number of Class A Ordinary Shares issuable on exercise of each public warrant will be increased in proportion to such increase in the outstanding Pagaya Ordinary Shares. A rights offering to holders of Pagaya Ordinary Shares entitling holders to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares at a price less than the fair market value will be deemed a share capitalization of a number of Class A Ordinary Shares equal to the product of (i) the number of Class A Ordinary Shares actually sold in such rights offering (or issuable under any other equity securities sold in such rights offering that are convertible into or exercisable for Class A Ordinary Shares) and (ii) the quotient of (x) the price per share of Class A Ordinary Shares paid in such rights offering and (y) the fair market value. For these purposes (i) if the rights offering is for securities convertible into or exercisable for Class A Ordinary Shares, in determining the price payable for Class A Ordinary Shares, there will be taken into account any consideration received for such rights, as well as any additional amount payable upon exercise or conversion and (ii) fair market value means the volume weighted-average price of Class A Ordinary Shares as reported during the 10 trading day period ending on the trading day prior to the first date on which the Class A Ordinary Shares trade on the applicable exchange or in the applicable market, regular way, without the right to receive such rights.
In addition, if Pagaya, at any time while the public warrants are outstanding and unexpired, pays a dividend or makes a distribution in cash, securities or other assets to the holders of Class A Ordinary Shares on account of such Class A Ordinary Shares (or other securities into which the public warrants are convertible), other than (a) as described above, or (b) certain ordinary cash dividends, then the public warrant exercise price will be decreased, effective immediately after the effective date of such event, by the amount of cash and/or the fair market value of any securities or other assets paid on each Class A Ordinary Share in respect of such event.
If the number of outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares is decreased by a consolidation, combination, reverse share split or reclassification of Class A Ordinary Shares or other similar event, then, on the effective date of such consolidation, combination, reverse share split, reclassification or similar event, the number of Class A Ordinary Shares issuable on exercise of each public warrant will be decreased in proportion to such decrease in outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares.
Whenever the number of Class A Ordinary Shares purchasable upon the exercise of the public warrants is adjusted, as described above, the public warrant exercise price will be adjusted by multiplying the public warrant exercise price immediately prior to such adjustment by a fraction, (x) the numerator of which will be the number of Class A Ordinary Shares purchasable upon the exercise of the public warrants immediately prior to such adjustment, and (y) the denominator of which will be the number of Class A Ordinary Shares so purchasable immediately thereafter.
In case of any reclassification or reorganization of the outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares (other than those described above or that solely affects the par value of such Class A Ordinary Shares), or in the case of any merger or consolidation of Pagaya with or into another corporation (other than a consolidation or merger in which Pagaya is
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the continuing corporation and that does not result in any reclassification or reorganization of the outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares), or in the case of any sale or conveyance to another corporation or entity of the assets or other property of Pagaya as an entirety or substantially as an entirety in connection with which Pagaya is dissolved, the holders of the public warrants will thereafter have the right to purchase and receive, upon the basis and upon the terms and conditions specified in public the warrants and in lieu of the Class A Ordinary Shares immediately prior thereto purchasable and receivable upon the exercise of the rights represented thereby, the kind and amount of Class A Ordinary Shares or other securities or property (including cash) receivable upon such reclassification, reorganization, merger or consolidation, or upon a dissolution following any such sale or transfer, that the holders of the public warrants would have received if such holders had exercised their warrants immediately prior to such event. If less than 70% of the consideration receivable by the holders of Class A Ordinary Shares in such a transaction is payable in the form of shares in the successor entity that is listed for trading on a national securities exchange or is quoted in an established over-the-counter market, or is to be so listed for trading or quoted immediately following such event, and if the registered holder of the public warrant properly exercises the warrant within 30 days following public disclosure of such transaction, the public warrant exercise price will be reduced as specified in the Warrant Agreement based on the Black-Scholes Warrant Value (as defined in the Warrant Agreement) of the warrant. The purpose of such exercise price reduction is to provide additional value to holders of the public warrants when an extraordinary transaction occurs during the exercise period of the public warrants pursuant to which the holders of the public warrants otherwise do not receive the full potential value of the public warrants.
The public warrants were issued in registered form under the Warrant Agreement. The Warrant Agreement provides that the terms of the warrants may be amended without the consent of any holder to cure any ambiguity or correct any defective provision, and that all other modifications or amendments will require the vote or written consent of the holders of at least 50% of the then outstanding public warrants, and, solely with respect to any amendment to the terms of the private placement warrants, at least 50% of the then outstanding private placement warrants. You should review a copy of the EJFA Warrant Agreement and the Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement, each of which is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement on Form F-1 of which this prospectus forms a part, for a complete description of the terms and conditions applicable to the public warrants.
The public warrants may be exercised upon surrender of the warrant certificate on or prior to the expiration date at the offices of the transfer agent, with the exercise form on the reverse side of the warrant certificate completed and executed as indicated, accompanied by full payment of the exercise price (or on a cashless basis, if applicable), by certified or official bank check payable to Pagaya, for the number of public warrants being exercised. The warrant holders will not have the rights or privileges of holders of Class A Ordinary Shares or any voting rights until they exercise their public warrants and receive Class A Ordinary Shares. After the issuance of Class A Ordinary Shares upon exercise of the public warrants, each holder will be entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be voted on by shareholders.
No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the public warrants. If, upon exercise of the public warrants, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, Pagaya will, upon exercise, round down to the nearest whole number the number of Class A Ordinary Shares to be issued to the warrant holder.
Pagaya has agreed that, subject to applicable law, any action, proceeding or claim against Pagaya arising out of or relating in any way to the Warrant Agreement will be brought and enforced in the courts of the state of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, and Pagaya has irrevocably submitted to such jurisdiction, which jurisdiction will be the exclusive forum for any such action, proceeding or claim.
Private Placement Warrants
The warrants issued by Pagaya upon exchange of the EJFA Private Placement Warrants originally issued to Wilson Boulevard LLC (the “Sponsor”) by EJFA are referred to in this section as the “private placement warrants”. These private placement warrants (including Class A Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the private placement warrants) are exercisable for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holder’s option and will be non-transferable, non-assignable and non-salable until 30 days after June 22, 2022 (except, among other limited exceptions, to EJFA’s former officers and directors and other persons or entities affiliated with the initial purchasers
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of the EJFA Private Placement Warrants (the “EJFA initial purchasers”)) and they will not be redeemable by Pagaya so long as they are held by the Sponsor or its permitted transferees. The EJFA initial purchasers, or their permitted transferees, will have the option to exercise these private placement warrants on a cashless basis. Except as described in this section, these private placement warrants will have terms and provisions that are identical to those of the public warrants described above. If these private placement warrants are held by holders other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, they will be redeemable by Pagaya and exercisable by the holders on the same basis as the public warrants described above.
If a holder of a private placement warrant elects to exercise it on a cashless basis, he, she or it would pay the exercise price by surrendering his, her or its warrants for that number of Class A Ordinary Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of Class A Ordinary Shares underlying the private placement warrants, multiplied by the excess of the “fair market value” of the Class A Ordinary Shares (defined below) over the exercise price of the private placement warrants by (y) the fair market value. The “fair market value” means the average closing price of the Class A Ordinary Shares for the 10 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of private placement warrant exercise is sent to the transfer agent.
The Sponsor has agreed not to transfer (other than pursuant to certain permitted transfers) any of the private placement warrants issuable to the Sponsor as Merger Consideration (as defined in the Merger Agreement) in respect of the EJFA Private Placement Warrants (including Class A Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of any of these warrants) for a certain period of time after the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, as described in the Pagaya A&R Articles which are an exhibit to the current report on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on May 26, 2023.
Other provisions
In the event that Pagaya elects to redeem some or all of the warrants, a notice of redemption shall be mailed by first class mail, postage prepaid, or delivered electronically through the facilities of the Depository Trust Company by Pagaya not less than 30 days prior to the redemption date to the registered holders of the warrants to be redeemed at their last addresses as they appear on the books of the warrant agent.
Exchange Controls
There are currently no Israeli currency control restrictions on remittances of dividends on Class A Ordinary Shares, proceeds from the sale of the Class A Ordinary Shares or interest or other payments to non-residents of Israel.
Shareholder Meetings
Under Israeli law, Pagaya is required to hold an annual general meeting of its shareholders once every calendar year and no later than fifteen months after the date of the previous annual general meeting. All meetings other than the annual general meeting of shareholders are referred to in the Pagaya A&R Articles as special general meetings. The Pagaya Board may call special general meetings of its shareholders whenever it sees fit, at such time and place, within or outside of Israel, as it may determine. In addition, the Companies Law provides that the Pagaya Board is required to convene a special general meeting of its shareholders upon the written request of (i) any two or more of its directors, (ii) one-quarter or more of the serving members of its board of directors or (iii) one or more shareholders holding, in the aggregate, either (a) 5% or more of Pagaya’s issued and outstanding shares and 1% or more of Pagaya’s outstanding voting power or (b) 5% or more of Pagaya’s outstanding voting power.
Under Israeli law, one or more shareholders holding at least 1% of the voting rights at the general meeting of shareholders may request that the Pagaya Board include a matter in the agenda of a general meeting of shareholders to be convened in the future, provided that it is appropriate to discuss such a matter at the general meeting, including proposing nominees to the Pagaya Board. The Pagaya A&R Articles contain procedural guidelines and disclosure items with respect to the submission of shareholder proposals for general meetings. Subject to the provisions of the Companies Law and the regulations promulgated thereunder, shareholders entitled to participate and vote at general meetings of shareholders are the shareholders of record on a date to be decided by the Pagaya Board, which as a company listed on an exchange outside Israel may be between 4 and 40 days prior to the date of the meeting.
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Furthermore, the Companies Law requires that resolutions regarding the following matters must be passed at a general meeting of shareholders:
amendments to the Pagaya A&R Articles;
appointment, terms of service and termination of services of auditors;
appointment of directors, including external directors (if applicable);
approval of certain related party transactions;
increases or reductions of authorized share capital;
a merger; and
the exercise of the Pagaya Board’s powers by a general meeting, if the Pagaya Board is unable to exercise its powers and the exercise of any of its powers is required for proper management of the company.
The Companies Law requires that a notice of any annual general meeting or special general meeting be provided to shareholders at least 21 days prior to the meeting and, if the agenda of the meeting includes (among other things) the appointment or removal of directors, the approval of transactions with office holders or other interested or related parties, or an approval of a merger, notice must be provided at least 35 days prior to the meeting. Under the Companies Law and the Pagaya A&R Articles, shareholders will not be permitted to take action by way of written consent in lieu of a meeting.
Quorum
Pursuant to the Pagaya A&R Articles, the quorum required for Pagaya’s general meetings of shareholders will consist of at least two shareholders present in person or by proxy who hold or represent at least 33 1⁄3% of the total outstanding voting power of its shares, except that if (i) any such general meeting was initiated by and convened pursuant to a resolution adopted by the Pagaya Board and (ii) at the time of such general meeting Pagaya qualifies as a “foreign private issuer,” the requisite quorum will consist of two or more shareholders present in person or by proxy who hold or represent at least 25% of the total outstanding voting power of its shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a quorum for a general meeting shall also require the presence in person or by proxy of at least one shareholder holding Class B Ordinary Shares if such shares are outstanding. The requisite quorum may be present within half an hour of the time fixed for the commencement of the general meeting. A general meeting adjourned for lack of a quorum shall be adjourned either to the same day in the next week, at the same time and place, to such day and at such time and place as indicated in the notice to such meeting, or to such day and at such time and place as the chairperson of the meeting shall determine. At the reconvened meeting, any one or more shareholders present in person or by proxy and holding any number of shares shall constitute a quorum, unless a meeting was called pursuant to a request by Pagaya shareholders, in which case the quorum required is one or more shareholders, present in person or by proxy and holding the number of shares required to call the meeting as described under “—Shareholder Meetings.”
Vote Requirements
The Pagaya A&R Articles provide that all resolutions of Pagaya shareholders require a simple majority vote, unless otherwise required by the Companies Law or by the Pagaya A&R Articles. Under the Companies Law, certain actions require the approval of a special majority, including:
(i)an extraordinary transaction with a controlling shareholder or in which the controlling shareholder has a personal interest;
(ii)the terms of employment or other engagement of a controlling shareholder of the company or a controlling shareholder’s relative (even if such terms are not extraordinary); and
(iii)certain compensation-related matters.
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For this purpose, the Companies Law defines “controlling shareholder” to include any shareholder or group of shareholders holding together 25% or more of the company’s voting power, if there is no other shareholder or group of shareholders holding together more than 50% of the company’s voting power.
Under the Pagaya A&R Articles, the alteration of the rights, privileges, preferences or obligations of any class of Pagaya share capital (to the extent there are classes other than Pagaya Ordinary Shares) requires the approval of a simple majority of the class so affected, in addition to the ordinary majority vote of all classes of shares voting together as a single class at a shareholder meeting. However, certain changes to the rights of the Class B Ordinary Shares require the approval of 100% of the holders of the outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares; see “—Pagaya Ordinary Shares—Class B Ordinary Shares—Voting Rights and Protective Provisions” above.
Under the Pagaya A&R Articles, the approval of (i) a majority of the total voting power of the shareholders if Class B Ordinary Shares remain outstanding and (ii) if no Class B Ordinary Shares remain outstanding, a supermajority of at least 75% of the total voting power of the shares is generally required to remove any of its directors from office (provided that such approvals cannot shorten the term of an incumbent director who was elected under the staggered board composition), to amend such provision regarding the removal of any of its directors from office, or certain other provisions regarding the board, shareholder proposals, and the size of the Pagaya Board. Other exceptions to the simple majority vote requirement are a resolution for the voluntary winding up, or an approval of a scheme of arrangement or reorganization of the company pursuant to Section 350 of the Companies Law, which requires the approval of a majority of the shareholders present and represented at the meeting and holding at least 75% of the voting rights represented at the meeting and voting on the resolution. A scheme of arrangement may also require approval by separate class votes.
Access to Corporate Records
Under the Companies Law, all shareholders generally have the right to review minutes of Pagaya’s general meetings, Pagaya’s shareholder register (including with respect to material shareholders), the Pagaya A&R Articles, Pagaya’s annual financial statements, other documents as provided in the Companies Law, and any document Pagaya is required by law to file publicly with the Israeli Registrar of Companies or the Israel Securities Authority. Any shareholder who specifies the purpose of its request may request to review any document in Pagaya’s possession that relates to any action or transaction with a related party which requires shareholder approval under the Companies Law. Pagaya may deny a request to review a document if it determines that the request was not made in good faith, that the document contains a commercial secret or a patent, or that the document’s disclosure may otherwise impair its interests.
Anti-Takeover Provisions; Acquisitions under Israeli Law
Full Tender Offer
A person wishing to acquire shares of a public Israeli company who would, as a result, hold over 90% of the target company’s voting rights or the target company’s issued and outstanding share capital (or of a class thereof), is required by the Companies Law to make a tender offer to all of the company’s shareholders for the purchase of all of the issued and outstanding shares of the company (or the applicable class). If (a) the shareholders who do not accept the offer hold less than 5% of the issued and outstanding share capital of the company (or the applicable class) and the shareholders who accept the offer constitute a majority of the issued and outstanding share capital held by offerees that do not have a personal interest in the acceptance of the tender offer, or (b) the shareholders who did not accept the tender offer hold less than 2% of the issued and outstanding share capital of the company (or of the applicable class), all of the shares that the acquirer offered to purchase will be transferred to the acquirer by operation of law, despite the fact (in the case of alternative (b)) that the shareholders who did accept the tender offer did not constitute a majority of the issued and outstanding share capital held by the disinterested offerees. A shareholder who had its shares so transferred may petition an Israeli court within six months from the date of acceptance of the full tender offer, regardless of whether such shareholder agreed to the offer, to determine whether the tender offer was for less than fair value and whether the fair value should be paid as determined by the court. However, an offeror may provide in the offer that a shareholder who accepted the offer will not be entitled to petition the court for appraisal rights as described in the preceding sentence, as long as the offeror and the company
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disclosed the information required by law in connection with the full tender offer. If the full tender offer was not accepted in accordance with any of the above alternatives, the acquirer may not acquire shares of the company that will increase its holdings to more than 90% of the company’s voting rights or the company’s issued and outstanding share capital (or of the applicable class) from shareholders who accepted the tender offer. Shares purchased in violation of the full tender offer rules under the Companies Law will have no rights and will become dormant shares.
Special Tender Offer
The Companies Law provides that an acquisition of shares of an Israeli public company must be made by means of a special tender offer if as a result of the acquisition the purchaser would become a holder of 25% or more of the voting rights in the company. This requirement does not apply if there is already another holder of 25% or more of the voting rights in the company. Similarly, the Companies Law provides that an acquisition of shares of an Israeli public company must be made by means of a special tender offer if as a result of the acquisition the purchaser would become a holder of more than 45% of the voting rights in the company, if there is no other shareholder of the company who holds more than 45% of the voting rights in the company. These requirements do not apply if (i) the acquisition occurs in the context of a private placement by the company that received shareholder approval as a private placement whose purpose is to give the purchaser 25% or more of the voting rights in the company, if there is no person who holds 25% or more of the voting rights in the company, or as a private placement whose purpose is to give the purchaser 45% of the voting rights in the company, if there is no person who holds 45% of the voting rights in the company, (ii) the acquisition was from a shareholder holding 25% or more of the voting rights in the company and resulted in the purchaser becoming a holder of 25% or more of the voting rights in the company, or (iii) the acquisition was from a shareholder holding more than 45% of the voting rights in the company and resulted in the purchaser becoming a holder of more than 45% of the voting rights in the company. A special tender offer must be extended to all shareholders of a company. A special tender offer may be consummated only if (i) at least 5% of the voting power attached to the company’s outstanding shares will be acquired by the offeror and (ii) the number of shares tendered in the offer exceeds the number of shares whose holders objected to the offer (excluding the purchaser, its controlling shareholders, holders of 25% or more of the voting rights in the company and any person having a personal interest in the acceptance of the tender offer, or anyone on their behalf, including any such person’s relatives and entities under their control).
In the event that a special tender offer is made, a company’s board of directors is required to express its opinion on the advisability of the offer, or shall abstain from expressing any opinion if it is unable to do so, provided that it gives the reasons for its abstention. The board of directors shall also disclose any personal interest that any of the directors has with respect to the special tender offer or in connection therewith. An office holder in a company who intentionally obstructs an existing or foreseeable special tender offer or impairs the chances of its acceptance is liable to the potential purchaser and shareholders for damages, unless such office holder acted in good faith and had reasonable grounds to believe he or she was acting for the benefit of the company. However, office holders of the company may negotiate with the potential purchaser in order to improve the terms of the special tender offer, and may further negotiate with third parties in order to obtain a competing offer, without incurring such liability.
If a special tender offer is accepted, then shareholders who did not respond or who had objected to the offer may accept the offer within four days of the last day set for the acceptance of the offer, and they will be considered to have accepted the offer from the first day it was made.
In the event that a special tender offer is accepted, the purchaser, any person or entity controlling it or under common control with the purchaser or such controlling person or entity at the time of the offer may not make a subsequent tender offer for the purchase of shares of the company and may not enter into a merger with the company for a period of one year from the date of the offer, unless the purchaser or such controlling or commonly-controlled person or entity undertook to effect such an offer or merger as part of the initial special tender offer. Shares purchased in violation of the special tender offer rules under the Companies Law will have no rights and will become dormant shares.
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Merger
The Companies Law permits merger transactions if approved by each party’s board of directors and, unless certain conditions described under the Companies Law are met, a simple majority of the outstanding shares of each party to the merger that are represented and voting on the merger. The board of directors of a merging company is required pursuant to the Companies Law to discuss and determine whether in its opinion there exists a reasonable concern that as a result of a proposed merger, the surviving company will not be able to satisfy its obligations towards either merging company’s creditors, with such determination taking into account the financial status of the merging companies. If the board of directors determines that such a concern exists, it may not approve a proposed merger. Following the approval of the board of directors of each of the merging companies, the boards of directors must jointly prepare a merger proposal for submission to the Israeli Registrar of Companies.
For purposes of the shareholder vote of a merging company whose shares are held by the other merging company, or by a person or entity holding directly or indirectly 25% or more of the voting rights at the general meeting of shareholders of the other merging company, or by a person or entity holding directly or indirectly the right to appoint 25% or more of the directors of the other merging company, unless a court rules otherwise, the merger will not be deemed approved if a majority of the shares voted on the matter at the general meeting of shareholders (excluding abstentions) that are held by shareholders other than the other party to the merger, or by such person or entity holding 25% or more of the voting rights or the right to appoint 25% or more of the directors, or any one on their behalf including their relatives or corporations controlled by any of them, vote against the merger. In addition, if the non-surviving entity of the merger has more than one class of shares, the merger must be approved by each class of shareholders. If the transaction would have been approved but for the separate approval of each class or the exclusion of the votes of certain shareholders as provided above, a court may still approve the merger upon the request of holders of at least 25% of the voting rights of a company, if the court holds that the merger is fair and reasonable, taking into account the valuation of the merging companies and the consideration offered to the shareholders. If a merger is with a company’s controlling shareholder or if the controlling shareholder has a personal interest in the merger, then the merger is instead subject to the same special majority approval that governs all extraordinary transactions with controlling shareholders.
Under the Companies Law, each merging company must deliver to its secured creditors the merger proposal and inform its unsecured creditors of the merger proposal and its content. Upon the request of a creditor of either party to the merger, the court may delay or prevent the merger if it concludes that there exists a reasonable concern that, as a result of the merger, the surviving company will be unable to satisfy the obligations of either merging company, and may further give instructions to secure the rights of creditors.
In addition, a merger may not be completed unless at least 50 days have passed from the date that the merger proposal is filed with the Israeli Registrar of Companies and 30 days have passed from the date that approval of the shareholders of both merging companies is obtained.
Anti-Takeover Measures
Certain provisions in the Pagaya A&R Articles, such as those relating to the dual class structure of the Pagaya Ordinary Shares, to the election of our directors in three classes and to the removal of directors, may have the effect of delaying or making an unsolicited acquisition of Pagaya more difficult. In addition, the Companies Law allows Pagaya to create and issue shares having rights different from those attached to Pagaya Ordinary Shares, including shares providing certain preferred rights with respect to voting, distributions or other matters and shares having preemptive rights. As of June 30, 2023, the Series A Preferred Shares are authorized under the Pagaya A&R Articles. See “—Series A Preferred Shares” for more information. In the future, Pagaya may authorize, create and issue additional classes of preferred shares and any such additional class of shares, depending on the specific rights that may be attached to it, may have the ability to frustrate or prevent a takeover or otherwise prevent its shareholders from realizing a potential premium over the market value of Pagaya Ordinary Shares. The authorization and designation of an additional class of preferred shares will require an amendment to the Pagaya A&R Articles, which requires the prior approval of the holders of a majority of the voting power of Pagaya participating or otherwise represented in the shareholders’ meeting, provided that a quorum is present or otherwise represented at the meeting, and provided further, that in the event that such additional class of preferred shares shall have the right to
38


more than one vote for each share thereof, such authorization and designation shall also require the affirmative vote of 100% of the outstanding Class B Ordinary Shares, voting as a separate class. The convening of the meeting, the shareholders entitled to participate and the vote required to be obtained at such a meeting will be subject to the requirements set forth in the Companies Law and the Pagaya A&R Articles, as described above under the paragraphs titled “—Shareholder Meetings,” “—Quorum” and “—Vote Requirements.”
Borrowing Powers
Pursuant to the Companies Law and the Pagaya A&R Articles, the Pagaya Board may exercise all powers and take all actions that are not required under law or under the Pagaya A&R Articles to be exercised or taken by its shareholders, including the power to borrow money for company purposes.
Changes in Capital
The Pagaya A&R Articles enable Pagaya to increase or reduce its share capital, provided that the creation of a new class of shares with more than one vote per share shall be considered a modification of the Class B Ordinary Shares. Any such changes are subject to Israeli law and must be approved by a resolution duly passed by the Pagaya shareholders at a general meeting of shareholders, provided that modification to the rights attached to the Class B Ordinary Shares shall require approval of shareholders holding 100% of the then issued Class B Ordinary Shares. In addition, transactions that have the effect of reducing capital, such as the declaration and payment of dividends in the absence of sufficient retained earnings or profits, require the approval of both the Pagaya Board and an Israeli court.
Exclusive Forum
The Pagaya A&R Articles provide that unless Pagaya consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, the Pagaya A&R Articles also provide that, unless Pagaya consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the competent courts in Tel-Aviv, Israel shall be the exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of Pagaya, (ii) any action asserting a breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of Pagaya’s directors, officers or other employees to Pagaya or its shareholders or (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Pagaya A&R Articles, the Companies Law or the Israeli Securities Law. This exclusive forum provision is intended to apply to claims arising under Israeli law and would not apply to claims brought pursuant to the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any other claim for which U.S. federal courts would have exclusive jurisdiction. Such exclusive forum provision in the Pagaya A&R Articles will not relieve Pagaya of its duties to comply with U.S. federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder, and Pagaya shareholders will not be deemed to have waived Pagaya’s compliance with these laws, rules and regulations. This exclusive forum provision may limit a shareholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum of its choosing for disputes with Pagaya or its directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage lawsuits against Pagaya, its directors, officers and employees. However, the enforceability of similar forum provisions in other companies’ organizational documents has been challenged in legal proceedings, and there is uncertainty as to whether courts would enforce the exclusive forum provisions in the Pagaya A&R Articles.
Transfer Agent and Warrant Agent
The transfer agent for the Class A Ordinary Shares and the warrant agent for the warrants is Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company.
Listing of Securities
The Class A Ordinary Shares and public warrants are traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbols “PGY” and “PGYWW,” respectively.
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SELLING SECURITYHOLDER
This prospectus relates to the offer and sale by B. Riley Principal Capital II of up to 40,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares that have been and may be issued by us to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement. For additional information regarding our Class A Ordinary Shares included in this prospectus, see the section titled “The Committed Equity Financing” above. We are registering our Class A Ordinary Shares included in this prospectus pursuant to the provisions of the Registration Rights Agreement we entered into with B. Riley Principal Capital II on August 17, 2022 in order to permit the Selling Securityholder to offer the shares included in this prospectus for resale from time to time. Except for the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement and as set forth in the section titled “Plan of Distribution (Conflict of Interest)” in this prospectus, B. Riley Principal Capital II has not had any material relationship with us within the past three years. As used in this prospectus, the term “Selling Securityholder” means B. Riley Principal Capital II, LLC.
The table below presents information regarding the Selling Securityholder and our Class A Ordinary Shares that may be resold by the Selling Securityholder from time to time under this prospectus. This table is prepared based on information supplied to us by the Selling Securityholder, and reflects holdings as of August 17, 2022. The number of shares in the column “Maximum Number of Class A Ordinary Shares to be Offered Pursuant to this Prospectus” represents all of our Class A Ordinary Shares being offered for resale by the Selling Securityholder under this prospectus. The Selling Securityholder may sell some, all or none of the shares being offered for resale in this offering. We do not know how long the Selling Securityholder will hold the shares before selling them and, except as set forth in the section titled “Plan of Distribution (Conflict of Interest)” in this prospectus, we are not aware of any existing arrangements between the Selling Securityholder and any other shareholder, broker, dealer, underwriter or agent relating to the sale or distribution of our Class A Ordinary Shares being offered for resale by this prospectus.
Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3(d) promulgated by the SEC under the Exchange Act, and includes our Class A Ordinary Shares with respect to which the Selling Securityholder has sole or shared voting and investment power. The percentage of our Class A Ordinary Shares beneficially owned by the Selling Securityholder prior to the offering shown in the table below is based on an aggregate of 533,974,676 Class A Ordinary Shares outstanding on June 30, 2023. Because the purchase price to be paid by the Selling Securityholder for our Class A Ordinary Shares, if any, that we may elect to sell to the Selling Securityholder in one or more VWAP Purchases and one or more Intraday VWAP Purchases from time to time under the Purchase Agreement will be determined on the applicable Purchase Dates therefor, the actual number of Class A Ordinary Shares that we may sell to the Selling Securityholder under the Purchase Agreement may be fewer than the number of shares being offered for resale under this prospectus. The fourth column assumes the resale by the Selling Securityholder of all of our Class A Ordinary Shares being offered for resale pursuant to this prospectus.

Number of Class A Ordinary Shares Beneficially Owned Prior to OfferingMaximum Number of Class A Ordinary Shares to be Offered Pursuant to this ProspectusNumber of Class A Ordinary Shares Beneficially Owned After Offering
Name of Selling Securityholder
Number(1)
Percent(2)
Number(3)
Percent(2)
B. Riley Principal Capital II, LLC(4)
46,536 *40,139,607 — — 
__________________
*Represents beneficial ownership of less than 1% of the outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares.
(1)Represents the 46,536 Class A Ordinary Shares we issued to B. Riley Principal Capital II on August 17, 2022 as Initial Commitment Shares in consideration for entering into the Purchase Agreement with us. In accordance with Rule 13d-3(d) under the Exchange Act, we have excluded from the number of shares beneficially owned prior to the offering (i) all of the Class A Ordinary Shares that B. Riley Principal Capital II may be required to purchase under the Purchase Agreement, because the issuance of such shares is solely at our discretion and is subject to conditions contained in the Purchase Agreement, the satisfaction of which are entirely outside of B. Riley Principal Capital II’s control, including the registration statement that includes this prospectus becoming and remaining effective, and (ii) up to 93,071 Class A Ordinary Shares that we may issue to B. Riley Principal Capital II in two equal tranches as Additional Commitment Shares, because the issuance of the Additional Commitment Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II is subject to our election to sell certain amounts of Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II pursuant to the Purchase Agreement as set forth in the Purchase Agreement, which sales are entirely at our discretion and subject to satisfaction of conditions contained in the Purchase Agreement that are outside of B. Riley Principal
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Capital II’s control. Furthermore, the VWAP Purchases and the Intraday VWAP Purchases of our Class A Ordinary Shares under the Purchase Agreement are subject to certain agreed upon maximum amount limitations set forth in the Purchase Agreement. Also, the Purchase Agreement prohibits us from issuing and selling any Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II to the extent such shares, when aggregated with all other Class A Ordinary Shares then beneficially owned by B. Riley Principal Capital II, would cause B. Riley Principal Capital II’s beneficial ownership of our Class A Ordinary Shares to exceed the 4.99% Beneficial Ownership Limitation.
(2)Applicable percentage ownership is based on 533,974,676 Class A Ordinary Shares outstanding as of June 30, 2023.
(3)Assumes the sale of all of our Class A Ordinary Shares being offered pursuant to this prospectus.
(4)The business address of B. Riley Principal Capital II, LLC (“BRPC II”) is 11100 Santa Monica Blvd., Suite 800, Los Angeles, California 90025. BRPC II’s principal business is that of a private investor. BRPC II is a wholly-owned subsidiary of B. Riley Principal Investments, LLC (“BRPI”). As a result, BRPI may be deemed to indirectly beneficially own the securities of the Company held of record by BRPC II. B. Riley Financial, Inc. (“BRF”) is the parent company of BRPC II and BRPI. As a result, BRF may be deemed to indirectly beneficially own the securities of the Company held of record by BRPC II and indirectly beneficially owned by BRPI. Bryant R. Riley is the Co-Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors of BRF. As a result, Bryant R. Riley may be deemed to indirectly beneficially own the securities of the Company held of record by BRPC II and indirectly beneficially owned by BRPI. Each of BRF, BRPI and Bryant R. Riley expressly disclaims beneficial ownership of the securities of the Company held of record by BRPC II, except to the extent of its/his pecuniary interest therein. We have been advised that none of BRF, BRPI or BRPC II is a member of FINRA or an independent broker-dealer; however, each of BRF, BRPI, BRPC II and Bryant R. Riley is an affiliate of BRS, a registered broker-dealer and FINRA member, and Bryant R. Riley is an associated person of BRS. BRS will act as an executing broker that will effectuate resales of our Class A Ordinary Shares that have been and may be acquired by BRPC II from us pursuant to the Purchase Agreement to the public in this offering. See “Plan of Distribution (Conflict of Interest)” for more information about the relationship between BRPC II and BRS.
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION (CONFLICT OF INTEREST)
Our Class A Ordinary Shares offered by this prospectus are being offered by the Selling Securityholder, B. Riley Principal Capital II, LLC. The shares may be sold or distributed from time to time by the Selling Securityholder directly to one or more purchasers or through brokers, dealers, or underwriters who may act solely as agents at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to the prevailing market prices, at negotiated prices, or at fixed prices, which may be changed. The sale of our Class A Ordinary Shares offered by this prospectus could be effected in one or more of the following methods:
ordinary brokers’ transactions;
transactions involving cross or block trades;
through brokers, dealers, or underwriters who may act solely as agents;
“at the market” into an existing market for our Class A Ordinary Shares;
in other ways not involving market makers or established business markets, including direct sales to purchasers or sales effected through agents;
in privately negotiated transactions; or
any combination of the foregoing.
In order to comply with the securities laws of certain states, if applicable, the shares may be sold only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in certain states, the shares may not be sold unless they have been registered or qualified for sale in the state or an exemption from the state’s registration or qualification requirement is available and complied with.
B. Riley Principal Capital II is an “underwriter” within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the Securities Act.
B. Riley Principal Capital II has informed us that it presently anticipates using, but is not required to use, BRS, a registered broker-dealer and FINRA member and an affiliate of B. Riley Principal Capital II, as a broker to effectuate resales, if any, of our Class A Ordinary Shares that it may acquire from us pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, and that it may also engage one or more other registered broker-dealers to effectuate resales, if any, of such Class A Ordinary Shares that it may acquire from us. Such resales will be made at prices and at terms then prevailing or at prices related to the then current market price. Each such registered broker-dealer will be an underwriter within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the Securities Act. B. Riley Principal Capital II has informed us that each such broker-dealer it engages to effectuate resales of our Class A Ordinary Shares on its behalf, excluding BRS, may receive commissions from B. Riley Principal Capital II for executing such resales for B. Riley Principal Capital II and, if so, such commissions will not exceed customary brokerage commissions.
B. Riley Principal Capital II is an affiliate of BRS, a registered broker-dealer and FINRA member, which will act as an executing broker that will effectuate resales of our Class A Ordinary Shares that have been and may be acquired by B. Riley Principal Capital II from us pursuant to the Purchase Agreement to the public in this offering. Because B. Riley Principal Capital II will receive all the net proceeds from such resales of our Class A Ordinary Shares made to the public through BRS, BRS is deemed to have a “conflict of interest” within the meaning of FINRA Rule 5121. Consequently, this offering will be conducted in compliance with the provisions of FINRA Rule 5121, which requires that a “qualified independent underwriter,” as defined in FINRA Rule 5121, participate in the preparation of the registration statement that includes this prospectus and exercise the usual standards of “due diligence” with respect thereto. Accordingly, we have engaged Northland, to be the qualified independent underwriter in this offering and, in such capacity, participate in the preparation of the registration statement that includes this prospectus and exercise the usual standards of “due diligence” with respect thereto. B. Riley Principal Capital II has agreed to pay Northland a cash fee of $50,000 and to reimburse Northland up to $5,000 for the completion of this offering as consideration for its services and expenses incurred in connection with acting as the qualified independent underwriter in this offering. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5110, such cash fee and expense reimbursement to be paid to Northland for acting as the qualified independent underwriter in this offering are
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deemed to be underwriting compensation in connection with sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares by B. Riley Principal Capital II to the public. Northland will receive no other compensation for acting as the qualified independent underwriter in this offering. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5121, BRS is not permitted to sell our Class A Ordinary Shares in this offering to an account over which it exercises discretionary authority without the prior specific written approval of the account holder.
Except as set forth above, we know of no existing arrangements between the Selling Securityholder and any other shareholder, broker, dealer, underwriter or agent relating to the sale or distribution of our Class A Ordinary Shares offered by this prospectus.
Brokers, dealers, underwriters or agents participating in the distribution of our Class A Ordinary Shares offered by this prospectus may receive compensation in the form of commissions, discounts, or concessions from the purchasers, for whom the broker-dealers may act as agent, of the shares sold by the Selling Securityholder through this prospectus. The compensation paid to any such particular broker-dealer by any such purchasers of our Class A Ordinary Shares sold by the Selling Securityholder may be less than or in excess of customary commissions. Neither we nor the Selling Securityholder can presently estimate the amount of compensation that any agent will receive from any purchasers of our Class A Ordinary Shares sold by the Selling Securityholder.
We may from time to time file with the SEC one or more supplements to this prospectus or amendments to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part to amend, supplement or update information contained in this prospectus, including, if and when required under the Securities Act, to disclose certain information relating to a particular sale of shares offered by this prospectus by the Selling Securityholder, including with respect to any compensation paid or payable by the Selling Securityholder to any brokers, dealers, underwriters or agents that participate in the distribution of such shares by the Selling Securityholder, and any other related information required to be disclosed under the Securities Act.
We will pay the expenses incident to the registration under the Securities Act of the offer and sale of our Class A Ordinary Shares covered by this prospectus by the Selling Securityholder.
As consideration for its irrevocable commitment to purchase our Class A Ordinary Shares under the Purchase Agreement, we have agreed to issue to B. Riley Principal Capital II up to an aggregate of 139,607 Class A Ordinary Shares as Commitment Shares, which Commitment Shares have a total aggregate value equal to 1.0% of B. Riley Principal Capital II’s $300,000,000 total dollar amount purchase commitment under the Purchase Agreement (assuming a purchase price of $21.4889 per Commitment Share, representing the volume weighted average price per share of our Ordinary Shares for the five-consecutive trading day period ending on August 16, 2022). Of such 139,607 aggregate Commitment Shares, we issued 46,536 shares as Initial Commitment Shares upon execution of the Purchase Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, and we will issue up to 93,071 shares as Additional Commitment Shares in two equal tranches, the first of which we will issue to B. Riley Principal Capital II when we have received aggregate gross proceeds of $100,000,000 from sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement (if any), and the second of which we will issue to B. Riley Principal Capital II when we have received aggregate gross proceeds of $200,000,000 from sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares to B. Riley Principal Capital II under the Purchase Agreement (if any). In accordance with FINRA Rule 5110, the Commitment Shares are deemed to be underwriting compensation in connection with sales of our Ordinary Shares by B. Riley Principal Capital II to the public. In addition, we have agreed to reimburse B. Riley Principal Capital II for the reasonable legal fees and disbursements of B. Riley Principal Capital II’s legal counsel in an amount not to exceed (i) $100,000 upon our execution of the Purchase Agreement and Registration Rights Agreement and (ii) $7,500 per fiscal quarter, in each case in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5110, these reimbursed fees and expenses are deemed to be underwriting compensation in connection with sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares by B. Riley Principal Capital II to the public.
In addition, although the Purchase Agreement prohibits us (with certain limited exceptions) from entering into specified “Variable Rate Transactions”, (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) during the term of the Purchase Agreement, we have agreed that we may elect, in our sole discretion, to enter into or effect (i) a “committed equity facility” with a third party (other than B. Riley Principal Capital II or one of its affiliates) similar to the committed
43


equity facility we entered into with B. Riley Principal Capital II, and/or (ii) an “at the market offering” or “equity distribution program” with a third party (other than BRS), in either case without first terminating the Purchase Agreement with B. Riley Principal Capital II, provided that we pay B. Riley Principal Capital II a one-time cash fee payment of $500,000 at the time we first enter into any such transaction with a third party. We are obligated to make this one-time cash fee payment to B. Riley Principal Capital II only in the event we actually enter into any such transaction with a third party during the term of the Purchase Agreement, without first terminating the Purchase Agreement with B. Riley Principal Capital II. If we are required to make this one-time cash payment to B. Riley Principal Capital II upon our entry into one of these third party transactions. We will not be obligated to make this cash fee payment to B. Riley Principal Capital II if we terminate the Purchase Agreement with B. Riley Principal Capital II before we enter into one of the third-party transactions referenced above. Under the terms of the Purchase Agreement, we may elect to terminate the Purchase Agreement at any time in our discretion, with or without cause and for any reason whatsoever, upon two trading days’ prior written notice to B. Riley Principal Capital II, without any fees or penalties. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5110, this $500,000 cash fee payment is deemed to be underwriting compensation in connection with sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares by B. Riley Principal Capital II to the public.
The total underwriting compensation to be received in connection with sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares by B. Riley Principal Capital II to the public, as determined under FINRA Rule 5110, will not exceed 8.0% of the maximum aggregate offering price of all Class A Ordinary Shares that may be sold by B. Riley Principal Capital II to the public through this prospectus. Accordingly, the total amount of any specific item of underwriting compensation described herein that may be received in connection with sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares by B. Riley Principal Capital II to the public shall, in each case, be subject to the limitation on the total underwriting compensation to be received in connection with sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares by B. Riley Principal Capital II to the public, as determined under FINRA Rule 5110, described in the immediately preceding sentence.
We also have agreed to indemnify B. Riley Principal Capital II and certain other persons against certain liabilities in connection with the offering of our Class A Ordinary Shares offered hereby, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act or, if such indemnity is unavailable, to contribute amounts required to be paid in respect of such liabilities. B. Riley Principal Capital II has agreed to indemnify us against liabilities under the Securities Act that may arise from certain written information furnished to us by B. Riley Principal Capital II specifically for use in this prospectus or, if such indemnity is unavailable, to contribute amounts required to be paid in respect of such liabilities. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers, and controlling persons, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC this indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore, unenforceable.
We estimate that the total expenses for the offering will be approximately $2,250,000.
B. Riley Principal Capital II has represented to us that at no time prior to the date of the Purchase Agreement has B. Riley Principal Capital II, its sole member, any of their respective officers, or any entity managed or controlled by B. Riley Principal Capital II or its sole member, engaged in or effected, in any manner whatsoever, directly or indirectly, for its own account or for the account of any of its affiliates, any short sale (as such term is defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO of the Exchange Act) of our Class A Ordinary Shares or any hedging transaction, which establishes a net short position with respect to our Class A Ordinary Shares. B. Riley Principal Capital II has agreed that during the term of the Purchase Agreement, none of B. Riley Principal Capital II, its sole member, any of their respective officers, or any entity managed or controlled by B. Riley Principal Capital II or its sole member, will enter into or effect, directly or indirectly, any of the foregoing transactions for its own account or for the account of any other such person or entity.
We have advised the Selling Securityholder that it is required to comply with Regulation M promulgated under the Exchange Act. With certain exceptions, Regulation M precludes the Selling Securityholder, any affiliated purchasers, and any broker-dealer or other person who participates in the distribution from bidding for or purchasing, or attempting to induce any person to bid for or purchase any security which is the subject of the distribution until the entire distribution is complete. Regulation M also prohibits any bids or purchases made in order to stabilize the price of a security in connection with the distribution of that security. All of the foregoing may affect the marketability of the securities offered by this prospectus.
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This offering will terminate on the date that all of our Class A Ordinary Shares offered by this prospectus have been sold by the Selling Securityholder.
Our Class A Ordinary Shares are currently listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “PGY.”
B. Riley Principal Capital II and/or one or more of its affiliates has provided, currently provides and/or from time to time in the future may provide various investment banking and other financial services for us and/or one or more of our affiliates that are unrelated to the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement and the offering of shares for resale by B. Riley Principal Capital II to which this prospectus relates, for which investment banking and other financial services they have received and may continue to receive customary fees, commissions and other compensation from us, aside from any discounts, fees and other compensation that B. Riley Principal Capital II has received and may receive in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement, including (i) an aggregate of up to 139,607 Commitment Shares we have agreed to issue to B. Riley Principal Capital II as consideration for its irrevocable commitment to purchase our Class A Ordinary Shares from us under the Purchase Agreement, (ii) the 3.0% fixed discount to current market prices of our Class A Ordinary Shares reflected in the purchase prices payable by B. Riley Principal Capital II for our Class A Ordinary Shares that we may require it to purchase from us from time to time under the Purchase Agreement, (iii) the one-time cash fee payment of $500,000 that we have agreed to pay B. Riley Principal Capital II upon our entry into a certain type of “Variable Rate Transaction” with a third party without first terminating the Purchase Agreement with B. Riley Principal Capital II, and (iv) our reimbursement of up to an aggregate of $160,000 of B. Riley Principal Capital II’s legal fees ($100,000 upon execution of the Purchase Agreement and $7,500 per fiscal quarter for the maximum two year term of the Purchase Agreement) in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement.
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EXPENSES RELATED TO THE OFFERING
The following table sets forth all expenses to be paid by us in connection with the issuance and distribution of Class A Ordinary Shares being registered by this registration statement. All amounts shown are estimates except for the SEC registration fee and the FINRA filing fee.
We will bear all costs, expenses and fees in connection with the registration of the securities. Selling Securityholder, however, will bear all brokers and underwriting commissions and discounts, if any, attributable to their sale of the securities.
Amount
SEC registration fee
$77,210 
FINRA filing fee
125,435 
Accounting fees and expenses
1,000,000 *
Legal fees and expenses
850,000 *
Financial printing expenses
160,000 *
Miscellaneous
37,355 
Total
$2,250,000 *
__________________
*Estimated solely for the purposes of this section. Actual expenses may vary.
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U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following is a summary of U.S. federal income tax considerations of the ownership and disposition of our Class A Ordinary Shares. This discussion is based on the Code, the regulations promulgated by the U.S. Department of the Treasury pursuant to and in respect of provisions of the Code.(“Treasury Regulations”), published positions of the IRS, court decisions and other applicable authorities, all as of the date hereof and all of which are subject to change or differing interpretations (possibly with retroactive effect). This discussion applies only to Class A Ordinary Shares that are held as capital assets within the meaning of the Code (generally, property held for investment). The following does not purport to be a complete analysis of all potential U.S. federal income tax effects arising in connection with the ownership and disposition of Class A Ordinary Shares. Pagaya has not sought and will not seek any rulings from the IRS regarding any matter discussed herein. There can be no assurance that the IRS will not assert, or that a court will not sustain, a position contrary to any of those set forth below.
This discussion does not discuss all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to holders in light of their particular circumstances or status including:
our officers or directors;
banks, insurance companies, and other financial institutions;
tax-exempt entities or governmental organizations;
tax-qualified retirement plans;
regulated investment companies and real estate investment trusts;
brokers, dealers, or traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method of accounting;
persons that elect to mark their securities to market;
certain expatriates and former citizens or residents of the United States;
persons that have a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar;
persons holding Class A Ordinary Shares as part of a hedging, integrated, straddle, conversion or constructive sale transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
persons subject to special tax accounting rules as a result of any item of gross income with respect to Class A Ordinary Shares being taken into account in an applicable financial statement;
persons that actually or constructively own 5% or more of our shares by vote or value; and
persons that acquired Class A Ordinary Shares pursuant to an exercise of employee share options, in connection with employee share incentive plans or otherwise as compensation or in connection with services.
This discussion does not address the estate or gift taxes or the alternative minimum tax, or any state, local or non-U.S. tax considerations or any tax considerations other than U.S. federal income tax considerations.
For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. Holder” is any beneficial owner of Class A Ordinary Shares that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
a corporation (including any entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia;
an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
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a trust if (i) a court within the U.S. is able to exercise primary supervision over the trust’s administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of the trust’s substantial decisions, or (ii) the trust has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury Regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.
If a partnership (including any entity or arrangement treated as a partnership or other pass-through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds Class A Ordinary Shares, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend on the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership and certain determinations made at the owner or participant level. Accordingly, partners and partnerships considering an investment in Class A Ordinary Shares should consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax considerations to them of an investment in Class A Ordinary Shares.
THE U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX TREATMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF CLASS A ORDINARY SHARES TO ANY PARTICULAR HOLDER WILL DEPEND ON THE HOLDER’S PARTICULAR TAX CIRCUMSTANCES. EACH HOLDER SHOULD CONSULT ITS TAX ADVISOR WITH RESPECT TO THE PARTICULAR TAX CONSEQUENCES TO SUCH HOLDER OF THE OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF CLASS A ORDINARY SHARES, INCLUDING THE EFFECTS OF U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND NON-U.S. TAX LAWS.
Taxation of dividends and other distributions on Class A Ordinary Shares
Distributions of cash or other property to a U.S. Holder with respect to such U.S. Holder’s Class A Ordinary Shares will generally be treated as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid out of Pagaya’s current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles). Distributions in excess of such earnings and profits will generally be applied against and reduce the U.S. Holder’s basis in its Class A Ordinary Shares (but not below zero) and, to the extent in excess of such basis, will be treated as gain from the sale or exchange of such Class A Ordinary Shares. Because Pagaya does not intend to determine its earnings and profits under U.S. federal income tax principles, distributions made by Pagaya will generally be reported as dividends. In the case of corporate U.S. Holders, such dividends will generally be subject to tax at regular U.S. graduated income tax rates and will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally allowed to domestic corporations in respect of dividends received from other domestic corporations.
In the case of non-corporate U.S. Holders, such dividends will generally be subject to tax at preferential long-term capital gains rates only if (i) Class A Ordinary Shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States or (ii) Pagaya is eligible for the benefits of the income tax treaty between the United States and Israel (the “Treaty”), in each case, provided that Pagaya is not treated as a PFIC at the time the dividend was paid or in the previous year and certain other requirements are met. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the availability of the lower rate for any dividends paid with respect to Class A Ordinary Shares.
Subject to certain exceptions, dividends on Class A Ordinary Shares will generally be treated as non-U.S. source income and will generally constitute “passive category” income for U.S. foreign tax credit limitation purposes. As described under “Certain Material Israeli Tax Considerations,” a U.S. Holder may be subject to Israeli withholding taxes on such dividends. Subject to certain conditions and limitations, a Treaty-eligible U.S. Holder may be eligible to claim a foreign tax credit in respect of any Israeli income taxes paid or withheld with respect to dividends on Class A Ordinary Shares to the extent such taxes are nonrefundable under the Treaty. Recently issued Treasury Regulations, which apply to foreign taxes paid or accrued in taxable years beginning on or after December 28, 2021, may in some circumstances prohibit a U.S. person from claiming a foreign tax credit with respect to certain non-U.S. taxes that are not creditable under applicable income tax treaties. Instead of claiming a credit for non-U.S. taxes, a U.S. Holder may elect to deduct such taxes in computing its taxable income for U.S. federal income tax purposes, provided that the U.S. Holder does not elect to claim a foreign tax credit for any non-U.S. income taxes paid or accrued for the relevant taxable year. The rules governing foreign tax credits and the deductibility of foreign taxes are complex. All U.S. Holders, whether or not they are Treaty-eligible, should consult their tax advisors regarding the availability of foreign tax credits and the deductibility of foreign taxes in light of their particular circumstances.
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Disposition of Class A Ordinary Shares
Upon a sale, exchange, or other taxable disposition of Class A Ordinary Shares, a U.S. Holder will generally recognize capital gain or loss. The amount of gain or loss recognized will generally be equal to the difference between (i) the sum of the amount of cash and the fair market value of any property received in such disposition and (ii) the U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in its Class A Ordinary Shares sold or exchanged in such disposition.
Any gain or loss recognized by a U.S. Holder on the disposition of Class A Ordinary Shares will generally be capital gain or loss and will generally be long-term capital gain or loss if, at the time of the disposition, the U.S. Holder’s holding period in its Class A Ordinary Shares exceeds one year. Long-term capital gains of individuals and certain other non-corporate U.S. Holders are eligible for reduced rates of taxation. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to certain limitations.
Any gain or loss realized by a U.S. Holder on the disposition of Class A Ordinary Shares will generally be treated as U.S. source gain or loss for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. As a consequence, Israeli taxes (including withholding taxes), if any, imposed on any such gain may not be creditable against the U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability under the U.S. foreign tax credit limitations of the Code. U.S. Holders that are eligible for the benefits of the Treaty may apply the Treaty to treat such gain as Israeli source, however. Notwithstanding this, pursuant to recently issued Treasury Regulations, it is possible that Treaty-eligible U.S. Holders that do not apply the Treaty and U.S. Holders that are not eligible for benefits under the Treaty may not be able to claim a foreign tax credit for any Israeli taxes imposed on a disposition of Class A Ordinary Shares. The rules regarding foreign tax credits and the deductibility of foreign taxes are complex. All U.S. Holders, whether or not they are Treaty-eligible, should consult their tax advisors regarding the availability of foreign tax credits and the deductibility of foreign taxes in light of their particular circumstances.
Passive foreign investment company considerations
Definition of a PFIC
A non-U.S. corporation will generally be classified as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes if either (i) at least 75% of its gross income in a taxable year is passive income (the “income test”) or (ii) at least 50% of its assets in a taxable year (generally determined based on fair market value and averaged quarterly over the year) produce or are held for the production of passive income (the “asset test”). For this purpose, a corporation is generally treated as owning its proportionate share of the assets and earning its proportionate share of the income of any other corporation in which it owns, directly or indirectly, at least 25% (by value) of the stock. Passive income generally includes dividends, interest, rents and royalties (other than rents or royalties derived from the active conduct of a trade or business) and gains from the disposition of passive assets. For purposes of these rules, interest income earned by a corporation is considered to be passive income and cash held by a corporation is considered to be a passive asset.
PFIC status of Pagaya
We do not believe we were a PFIC for our taxable year ended December 31, 2022. However, no assurances regarding our PFIC status can be provided for any past, current or future taxable years. The determination of whether we are a PFIC is a fact-intensive determination made on an annual basis and the applicable law is subject to varying interpretation. In particular, the characterization of our assets as active or passive may depend in part on our current and intended future business plans, which are subject to change. Even if we determine that we are not a PFIC for a taxable year, there can be no assurance that the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, will agree with our conclusion and that the IRS would not successfully challenge our position. Accordingly, our U.S. counsel expresses no opinion with respect to our PFIC status for any taxable year.
Application of PFIC rules to Class A Ordinary Shares
If (i) Pagaya is determined to be a PFIC for any taxable year (or portion thereof) that is included in the holding period of a U.S. Holder and (ii) the U.S. Holder did not make a timely and effective QEF Election (as defined below) for Pagaya’s first taxable year as a PFIC in which the U.S. Holder held (or was deemed to hold) Class A
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Ordinary Shares (such taxable year as it relates to each U.S. Holder, the “First PFIC Holding Year”) or a Mark-to-Market Election (as defined below), then such holder will generally be subject to special rules (the “Default PFIC Regime”) with respect to:
any gain recognized by the U.S. Holder on the sale or other disposition of its Class A Ordinary Shares; and
any “excess distribution” made to the U.S. Holder (generally, any distributions to such U.S. Holder during a taxable year of the U.S. Holder that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions received by such U.S. Holder in respect of Class A Ordinary Shares during the three preceding taxable years of such U.S. Holder or, if shorter, such U.S. Holder’s holding period for such Class A Ordinary Shares).
Under the Default PFIC Regime:
the U.S. Holder’s gain or excess distribution will be allocated ratably over the U.S. Holder’s holding period for its Class A Ordinary Shares;
the amount of gain allocated to the U.S. Holder’s taxable year in which the U.S. Holder recognized the gain or received the excess distribution, or to the period in the U.S. Holder’s holding period before the first day of the first taxable year in which Pagaya is a PFIC, will be subject to tax as ordinary income;
the amount of gain allocated to other taxable years (or portions thereof) of the U.S. Holder included in such U.S. Holder’s holding period will be subject to tax at the highest tax rate in effect for that year and applicable to the U.S. Holder; and
an additional tax equal to the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed on the U.S. Holder in respect of the tax attributable to each such other taxable year of such U.S. Holder included in such U.S. Holder’s holding period.
QEF Election and Mark-to-Market Election
In general, if Pagaya is determined to be a PFIC, a U.S. Holder may avoid the Default PFIC Regime with respect to its Class A Ordinary Shares by making a timely and effective “qualified electing fund” election under Section 1295 of the Code (a “QEF Election”) for such holder’s First PFIC Holding Year. In order to comply with the requirements of a QEF Election with respect to Class A Ordinary Shares, a U.S. Holder must receive certain information from Pagaya. Because Pagaya does not intend to provide such information, however, the QEF Election will not be available to U.S. Holders with respect to Class A Ordinary Shares.
Alternatively, if a U.S. Holder, at the close of its taxable year, owns (or is deemed to own) shares in a PFIC that are treated as marketable shares, the U.S. Holder may make a mark-to-market election (a “Mark-to-Market Election”) with respect to such shares for such taxable year. A U.S. Holder that makes a valid Mark-to-Market Election for such holder’s First PFIC Holding Year will generally not be subject to the Default PFIC Regime with respect to its Class A Ordinary Shares as long as such shares continue to be treated as marketable shares. Instead, the U.S. Holder will generally include as ordinary income for each year that Pagaya is treated as a PFIC, the excess, if any, of the fair market value of its Class A Ordinary Shares at the end of its taxable year over the adjusted basis in its Class A Ordinary Shares. The U.S. Holder also will be allowed to take an ordinary loss in respect of the excess, if any, of the adjusted basis of its Class A Ordinary Shares over the fair market value of its Class A Ordinary Shares at the end of its taxable year (but only to the extent of the net amount of previously included income as a result of the Mark-to-Market Election). The U.S. Holder’s basis in its Class A Ordinary Shares will be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amounts, and any additional gain recognized on a sale or other taxable disposition of the Class A Ordinary Shares in a taxable year in which Pagaya is treated as a PFIC will be treated as ordinary income. Special tax rules may also apply if a U.S. Holder makes a Mark-to-Market Election for a taxable year after such holder’s First PFIC Holding Year.
The Mark-to-Market Election is available only for stock that is regularly traded on a national securities exchange that is registered with the SEC, including Nasdaq. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding
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the availability and tax considerations relevant to a Mark-to-Market Election with respect to Class A Ordinary Shares in their particular circumstances.
If Pagaya is determined to be a PFIC and, at any time, has a non-U.S. subsidiary that is classified as a PFIC, U.S. Holders will generally be deemed to own a portion of the shares of such lower-tier PFIC, and could incur liability for the deferred tax and interest charge described above if Pagaya receives a distribution from, or disposes of all or part of Pagaya’s interest in, the lower-tier PFIC or the U.S. Holders otherwise were deemed to have disposed of an interest in the lower-tier PFIC. A Mark-to-Market Election will generally not be available with respect to such lower-tier PFIC. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the tax considerations relevant to the deemed ownership of lower-tier PFICs.
A U.S. Holder that owns (or is deemed to own) shares in a PFIC during any taxable year of the U.S. Holder, may be required to file an IRS Form 8621 with such U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax return (whether or not a QEF Election or a Mark-to-Market Election is made) and provide such other information as may be required by the U.S. Treasury Department. The rules governing PFICs and QEF Elections and Mark-to-Market Elections are complex and their application is affected by various factors in addition to those described above. Accordingly, U.S. Holders of Class A Ordinary Shares should consult their tax advisors concerning the application of the PFIC rules to Class A Ordinary Shares in their particular circumstances.
THE PFIC RULES ARE COMPLEX AND THEIR APPLICATION IS AFFECTED BY VARIOUS FACTORS IN ADDITION TO THOSE DESCRIBED ABOVE. ALL U.S. HOLDERS SHOULD CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS REGARDING THE APPLICATION OF THE PFIC RULES TO THEM, INCLUDING WITH RESPECT TO WHETHER A QEF ELECTION (OR A QEF ELECTION ALONG WITH A PURGING ELECTION), A MARK-TO-MARKET ELECTION OR ANY OTHER ELECTION IS AVAILABLE AND THE CONSIDERATIONS RELEVANT TO THEM OF ANY SUCH ELECTION, AND THE IMPACT OF ANY PROPOSED OR FINAL PFIC TREASURY REGULATIONS.
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CERTAIN MATERIAL ISRAELI TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following description is not intended to constitute a complete analysis of all tax consequences relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the Class A Ordinary Shares. You should consult your own tax advisor concerning the tax consequences of your particular situation, as well as any tax consequences that may arise under the laws of any state, local, foreign or other taxing jurisdiction.
Israeli tax considerations
The following is a brief summary of certain material Israeli income tax laws applicable to Pagaya, and certain Israeli Government programs that may benefit Pagaya. This section also contains a discussion of certain material Israeli tax consequences concerning the ownership and disposition of Class A Ordinary Shares purchased by investors. This summary does not discuss all the aspects of Israeli tax law that may be relevant to a particular investor in light of his or her personal investment circumstances or to some types of investors subject to special treatment under Israeli law. Examples of such investors include residents of Israel, trusts or traders in securities who are subject to special tax regimes not covered in this discussion. To the extent that the discussion is based on new tax legislation that has not yet been subject to judicial or administrative interpretation, Pagaya cannot assure you that the appropriate tax authorities or the courts will accept the views expressed in this discussion. The discussion below is not intended, and should not be construed, as legal or professional tax advice and is not exhaustive of all possible tax considerations. The discussion is subject to change, including due to amendments under Israeli law or changes to the applicable judicial or administrative interpretations of Israeli law, which amendments or changes could affect the tax consequences described below.
SHAREHOLDERS ARE URGED TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS AS TO THE ISRAELI OR OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF CLASS A ORDINARY SHARES, INCLUDING, IN PARTICULAR, THE EFFECT OF ANY NON-U.S., STATE OR LOCAL TAXES.
General corporate tax structure in Israel
Israeli companies are generally subject to corporate tax on their taxable income. The corporate tax rate is currently 23%, which has been the rate since 2018. However, the effective tax rate payable by a company that derives income from a Preferred Enterprise or a Technological Enterprise (as discussed below) may be considerably less. Capital gains derived by an Israeli company are generally subject to taxation at the corporate tax rate.
Law for the Encouragement of Industry (Taxes), 5729-1969
The Law for the Encouragement of Industry (Taxes), 5729-1969, generally referred to as the “Industry Encouragement Law”, provides several tax benefits for “Industrial Companies.” We believe that we currently qualify as an Industrial Company within the meaning of the Industry Encouragement Law.
The Industry Encouragement Law defines an “Industrial Company” as an Israeli resident company that derives 90% or more of its income in any tax year, other than income from certain government loans, from an “Industrial Enterprise” owned by it and located in Israel or in the “Area,” in accordance with the definition under Section 3A of the ITO. An “Industrial Enterprise” is defined as an enterprise whose principal activity in a given tax year is industrial production.
The following are the principal tax benefits available to Industrial Companies:
amortization of the cost of purchased patents, rights to use a patent, and know-how, which were purchased in good faith and are used for the development or advancement of the Industrial Enterprise, over an eight-year period, commencing on the year in which such rights were first exercised;
under limited conditions, an election to file consolidated tax returns with controlled Israeli Industrial Companies; and
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expenses related to a public offering are deductible in equal amounts over three years commencing with the year of the offering.
Eligibility for benefits under the Industry Encouragement Law is not contingent upon approval of any governmental authority.
Tax benefits and grants for research and development
Israeli tax law allows, under certain conditions, a tax deduction for expenditures related to scientific research and development projects, including capital expenditures, in the year in which they are incurred. Expenditures are deemed related to scientific research and development projects if:
the expenditures are approved by the relevant Israeli government ministry, which depends on the field of research;
the research and development must be for the promotion of the company; and
the research and development is carried out by or on behalf of the company seeking such tax deduction.
The amount of such deductible expenses is reduced by the sum of any funds received through government grants to finance such scientific research and development projects. No deduction under these research and development deduction rules is allowed if the deduction is related to an expense invested in an asset depreciable under the general depreciation rules of the ITO. Expenditures that do not qualify under the conditions above are deductible in equal amounts over three years.
From time to time, we may apply to the IIA for approval to allow a tax deduction for all or most of the research and development expenses during the year incurred. There can be no assurance that such application will be accepted. If we are not able to deduct research and development expenses during the year of the payment, we may be able to deduct research and development expenses in equal amounts over a period of three years commencing with the year of the payment of such expenses.
Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 5719-1959
The Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 5719-1959, generally referred to as the “Investment Law”, provides certain incentives and tax benefits to eligible companies. Generally, an investment program that is implemented in accordance with the provisions of the Investment Law, which may be classified as an Approved Enterprise, a Beneficiary Enterprise, a Preferred Enterprise, a Special Preferred Enterprise, a Preferred Technological Enterprise, or a Special Preferred Technological Enterprise, is entitled to benefits as discussed below. These benefits may include cash grants from the Israeli government and tax benefits, based upon, among other things, the geographic location in Israel of the facility of the company. In order to qualify for these incentives, Pagaya is required to comply with the requirements of the Investment Law.
The Investment Law was significantly amended effective as of April 1, 2005, as of January 1, 2011 and as of January 1, 2017 (the “2017 Amendment”). The 2017 Amendment introduced new benefits for Technological Enterprises, alongside the existing tax benefits.
New tax benefits under the 2017 Amendment that became effective on January 1, 2017
The 2017 Amendment provides new tax benefits for two types of “Technological Enterprises,” as described below, which are in addition to the previously existing tax benefit programs under the Investment Law.
The 2017 Amendment provides that a Preferred Company satisfying certain conditions will qualify as a “Preferred Technological Enterprise” and will thereby enjoy a reduced corporate tax rate of 12% on income that qualifies as “Preferred Technological Income,” as defined in the Investment Law. The tax rate is further reduced to 7.5% for a Preferred Technological Enterprise located in Development Zone A. In addition, a Preferred Technological Enterprise will enjoy a reduced corporate tax rate of 12% on capital gains derived from the sale of certain “Benefitted Intangible Assets” (as defined in the Investment Law) to a related foreign company if the
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Benefitted Intangible Assets were acquired from a foreign company on or after January 1, 2017 for at least NIS 200 million, and the sale receives prior approval from the IIA. It should be noted that the proportion of income that may be considered Preferred Technological Income and enjoy the tax benefits described above is calculated according to a nexus formula, which is based on the proportion of qualifying expenditures on intellectual property compared to overall expenditures.
The 2017 Amendment further provides that a Preferred Company with group consolidated revenues of at least NIS 10 billion will qualify as a “Special Preferred Technological Enterprise,” and will enjoy a reduced corporate tax rate of 6% on “Preferred Technological Income” regardless of the company’s geographic location within Israel. In addition, a Special Preferred Technological Enterprise will enjoy a reduced corporate tax rate of 6% on capital gains derived from the sale of certain “Benefitted Intangible Assets” to a related foreign company if the Benefitted Intangible Assets were either developed by the Special Preferred Enterprise or acquired from a foreign company on or after January 1, 2017, and the sale received prior approval from the IIA. A Special Preferred Technological Enterprise that acquires Benefitted Intangible Assets from a foreign company for more than NIS 500 million will be eligible for these benefits for at least 10 years, subject to the receipt of certain approvals as specified in the Investment Law.
Dividends paid out of Preferred Technological Income, which are distributed by a Preferred Technological Enterprise or a Special Preferred Technological Enterprise, are generally subject to tax at the rate of 20% or such lower rate as may be provided in an applicable tax treaty (subject to the receipt in advance of a valid certificate from the Israel Tax Authority (the “ITA”) allowing for a reduced tax rate). However, if such dividends are paid to an Israeli company, no tax is required to be withheld. If such dividends are distributed to a foreign company that holds solely or together with other foreign companies 90% or more of the Israeli company and other conditions are met, the tax rate will be 4%. Dividends paid out to individuals may be subject to an additional surtax of 3%, as described below. In November 2021, an approval from the ITA was received stating Pagaya is entitled to the tax benefits under the 2017 Amendment, as a Preferred Technological Enterprise, subject to certain approvals and subject to certain limitations on the income eligible for such tax benefits.
Taxation of our shareholders
Capital gains tax on sales of our Class A Ordinary Shares
Israeli law generally imposes a capital gains tax on the sale of any capital assets by Israeli residents, as defined for Israeli tax purposes. Israeli law also generally imposes a capital gains tax on the sale of capital assets located in Israel, including shares in Israeli companies, by both Israeli residents and non-Israeli residents, unless a specific exemption is available or unless a tax treaty between Israel and the shareholder’s country of residence provides otherwise. The ITO distinguishes between real gain and inflationary surplus. The inflationary surplus is a portion of the total capital gain equivalent to the increase of the relevant asset’s purchase price attributable to an increase in the Israeli consumer price index, or, under certain circumstances, a foreign currency exchange rate, between the date of purchase and the date of sale. Inflationary surplus is currently not subject to tax in Israel. The real gain is the excess of the total capital gain over the inflationary surplus.
Capital gains taxes applicable to Israeli resident shareholders
An Israeli resident corporation that derives capital gains from the sale of shares in an Israeli resident company will generally be subject to tax on the real capital gains generated on such sale at the corporate tax rate of 23% (in 2023). An Israeli resident individual will generally be subject to capital gains tax at the rate of 25%. However, if the individual shareholder claims deduction of interest expense and linkage differences in connection with the purchase and holding of such shares or is a “substantial shareholder” at the time of the sale or at any time during the preceding 12-month period, such gain will be taxed at the rate of 30%. A “substantial shareholder” is generally a person who alone, or together with such person’s related party or another person who collaborates with such person on a permanent basis, holds, directly or indirectly, at least 10% of any of the “means of control” of the corporation. “Means of control” generally include the right to vote, receive profits, nominate a director or an executive officer, receive assets upon liquidation, or order someone who holds any of the aforesaid rights on how to exercise these rights, regardless of the source of such right. Individual holders dealing in securities in Israel for whom the income
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from the sale of securities is considered “business income” as defined in Section 2(1) of the ITO are taxed at the marginal tax rates applicable to business income (up to 47% in 2023) plus an additional surtax of 3% as described below. Certain Israeli institutions that are exempt from tax under Section 9(2) or Section 129C(a)(1) of the ITO (such as exempt trust funds and pension funds) may be exempt from capital gains tax from the sale of the shares.
Capital gains taxes applicable to non-Israeli resident shareholders
A non-Israeli resident who derives capital gains from the sale of shares in an Israeli resident company that were purchased after the company was listed for trading on a stock exchange outside of Israel will be exempt from Israeli tax if, among other conditions, the shares were not held through a permanent establishment that the non-resident maintains in Israel. However, non-Israeli corporations will not be entitled to the foregoing exemption if Israeli residents: (i) alone, or together with such Israeli residents’ related party or another person who collaborates with such Israeli resident on a permanent basis, hold, directly or indirectly, more than 25% of the means of control in such non-Israeli corporation or (ii) are the beneficiaries of, or are entitled to, 25% or more of the revenues or profits of such non-Israeli corporation, whether directly or indirectly. In addition, such exemption is not applicable to a person whose gains from selling or otherwise disposing of the shares are deemed to be business income.
Additionally, a sale of securities by a non-Israeli resident may be exempt from Israeli capital gains tax under the provisions of an applicable tax treaty. For example, under the Convention Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the State of Israel with respect to Taxes on Income, as amended (the “U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty”), the sale, exchange or other disposition of shares by a shareholder who is a United States resident (for purposes of the treaty) holding the shares as a capital asset and who is entitled to claim the benefits afforded to such a resident by the U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty (a “U.S. Resident”) is generally exempt from Israeli capital gains tax unless: (i) the capital gain arising from such sale, exchange or disposition is attributed to real estate located in Israel; (ii) the capital gain arising from such sale, exchange or disposition is attributed to royalties; (iii) the capital gain arising from such sale, exchange or disposition is attributed to a permanent establishment in Israel, under certain terms; (iv) such U.S. Resident holds, directly or indirectly, shares representing 10% or more of the company’s voting power during any part of the 12-month period preceding the disposition, subject to certain conditions; or (v) such U.S. Resident is an individual and was present in Israel for 183 days or more during the relevant taxable year. In any such case, the sale, exchange or disposition of our Class A Ordinary Shares by the U.S. Resident would be subject to Israeli tax, unless exempt under Israeli domestic law as described above. However, under the U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty, such U.S. Resident should be permitted to claim a credit for such taxes against U.S. federal income tax imposed on any gain from such sale, exchange or disposition, under the circumstances and subject to the limitations specified in the U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty or in the United States federal income tax laws applicable to foreign credits.
In some instances where our shareholders may be liable for Israeli tax on the sale of their Class A Ordinary Shares, the payment of the consideration may be subject to the withholding of Israeli tax at source.
Shareholders may be required to demonstrate that they are exempt from tax on their capital gains in order to avoid withholding at source at the time of sale. Specifically, in transactions involving a sale of all of the shares of an Israeli resident company, in the form of a merger or otherwise, the ITA may require shareholders who are not liable for Israeli tax to sign declarations in forms specified by the ITA or to obtain a specific exemption from the ITA to confirm their status as non-Israeli residents, and, in the absence of such declarations or exemptions, may require the purchaser of the shares to withhold taxes at source.
A detailed return, including a computation of the tax due, must be filed and an advance payment must be paid by January 31 and July 31 of each tax year for sales of securities traded on a stock exchange made during the last six months of the preceding year or during the first six months of the current year, respectively. However, if all tax due was withheld at source according to applicable provisions of the ITO and the regulations promulgated thereunder, the return does not need to be filed provided that (i) such income was not generated from business conducted in Israel by the taxpayer, (ii) the taxpayer has no other taxable sources of income in Israel with respect to which a tax return is required to be filed and an advance payment does not need to be made, and (iii) the taxpayer is not obligated to pay surtax (as further explained below). Capital gains are also reportable on an annual income tax return.
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Taxation of Israeli shareholders on receipt of dividends
An Israeli resident individual is generally subject to Israeli income tax on the receipt of dividends that may be paid on our Class A Ordinary Shares at the rate of 25%. With respect to a person who is a “substantial shareholder” at the time of receiving the dividend or at any time during the preceding 12-month period, the applicable tax rate is 30%. Individuals may also be required to pay surtax with respect to dividends received, as further explained below. Such dividends are generally subject to Israeli withholding tax at a rate of 25% if the shares are registered with a nominee company (whether the recipient is a substantial shareholder or not) and 20% if the dividend is distributed from income attributed to a Preferred Enterprise or Technological Enterprise. If the recipient of the dividend is an Israeli resident corporation, such dividend income will be exempt from tax provided the income from which such dividend is distributed was derived or accrued within Israel and was received directly or indirectly from another corporation that is subject to Israeli corporate tax. An exempt trust fund, pension fund or other entity that is exempt from tax under Section 9(2) or Section 129(C)(a)(1) of the ITO is exempt from tax on dividends.
Taxation of non-Israeli shareholders on receipt of dividends
Non-Israeli residents (either individuals or corporations) are generally subject to Israeli income tax on the receipt of dividends that may be paid on our Class A Ordinary Shares at the rate of 25%, or 30% if the recipient of the dividends is a “substantial shareholder” at the time of distribution or at any time during the preceding 12-month period, which tax will be withheld at source, unless relief is provided in a treaty between Israel and the shareholder’s country of residence. Such dividends are generally subject to Israeli withholding tax at a rate of 25% if the shares are registered with a nominee company (whether the recipient is a substantial shareholder or not). The withholding rates may be reduced if the dividend is distributed from income attributed to a Preferred Enterprise or Technological Enterprise or if a reduced rate is provided under an applicable tax treaty, in each case subject to the receipt in advance of a valid certificate from the ITA allowing for a reduced withholding rate. For example, under the U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty, the maximum rate of tax withheld at source in Israel on dividends paid to a holder of our Class A Ordinary Shares who is a U.S. Resident is 25%. However, the maximum withholding tax rate on dividends (not generated by a Preferred Technological Enterprise) that are paid to a United States corporation holding shares representing 10% or more of our outstanding voting power throughout the tax year in which the dividend is distributed as well as during the previous tax year is generally 12.5%, provided that not more than 25% of the gross income for such preceding year consists of certain types of dividends and interest. Notwithstanding the foregoing, dividends distributed from income attributed to a Preferred Technological Enterprise are not entitled to such reduction under the U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty but are subject to a withholding tax rate of 15% for a shareholder that is a U.S. corporation, provided that the conditions related to the outstanding voting rights and the gross income for the previous year (as set forth in the previous sentences) are met. If the dividend is attributable partly to income derived from a Preferred Technological Enterprise, and partly to other sources of income, the withholding rate will be a blended rate reflecting the relative portions of the two types of income. We cannot assure you that we will designate the profits that we may distribute in a way that will reduce shareholders’ tax liability.
A foreign resident who had income from a dividend that was accrued from Israeli source, from which the full tax was deducted, will generally be exempt from filing a tax return in Israel, provided that (i) such income was not generated from business conducted in Israel by the foreign resident, (ii) the foreign resident has no other taxable sources of income in Israel with respect to which a tax return is required to be filed and (iii) the foreign resident is not liable to surtax (see below) in accordance with Section 121B of the ITO.
Surtax
Subject to the provisions of any applicable tax treaty, individuals who are subject to tax in Israel (whether or not any such individual is an Israeli resident) are also subject to a surtax at the rate of 3% on annual income (including, but not limited to, dividends, interest and capital gains) exceeding NIS 698,280 for 2023, which amount is linked to the annual change in the Israeli consumer price index.
Estate and Gift Tax
Israeli law presently does not impose estate or gift taxes.
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LEGAL MATTERS
The legality of the Class A Ordinary Shares offered by this prospectus and certain other Israeli legal matters will be passed upon for Pagaya by Goldfarb Seligman & Co., Tel-Aviv, Israel.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of Pagaya Technologies Ltd. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2022 and 2021, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, appearing in this Prospectus and Registration Statement have been audited by Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer, a member firm of Ernst & Young Global, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report thereon appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
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ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITY
Pagaya is incorporated under the laws of the State of Israel. Service of process upon Pagaya and upon certain of its directors and officers and the Israeli experts named in this prospectus who reside outside the United States may be difficult to obtain within the United States. Furthermore, because a substantial amount of our assets are located outside the United States, any judgment obtained in the U.S. against us or any of our directors and officers may not be collectible within the United States.
Pagaya has irrevocably appointed Pagaya US Holding Company LLC as its agent to receive service of process in any action against Pagaya in any U.S. federal or state court arising out of this offering or any purchase or sale of securities in connection with this offering. The address of Pagaya’s agent is 90 Park Ave, New York, NY 10016.
It may be difficult to initiate an action with respect to U.S. securities laws in Israel. Israeli courts may refuse to hear a claim based on an alleged violation of U.S. securities laws reasoning that Israel is not the most appropriate forum to hear such a claim. In addition, even if an Israeli court agrees to hear a claim, it may determine that Israeli law and not U.S. law is applicable to the claim. If U.S. law is found to be applicable, the content of applicable U.S. law must be proved as a fact by expert witnesses which can be a time-consuming and costly process. Certain matters of procedure may also be governed by Israeli law.
Subject to certain time limitations and legal procedures, Israeli courts may enforce a U.S. judgment in a civil matter which, subject to certain exceptions, is non-appealable, including judgments based upon the civil liability provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and including a monetary or compensatory judgment in a non-civil matter, provided that:
the judgment was rendered by a court which was, according to the laws of the state of the court, competent to render the judgment;
the obligation imposed by the judgment is enforceable according to the rules relating to the enforceability of judgments in Israel and the substance of the judgment is not contrary to public policy; and
the judgment is executory in the state in which it was given.
Even if these conditions are met, an Israeli court may not declare a foreign civil judgment enforceable if:
the judgment was given in a state whose laws do not provide for the enforcement of judgments of Israeli courts (subject to exceptional cases);
the enforcement of the judgment is likely to prejudice the sovereignty or security of the State of Israel;
the judgment was obtained by fraud;
the opportunity given to the defendant to bring its arguments and evidence before the court was not reasonable in the opinion of the Israeli court;
the judgment was rendered by a court not competent to render it according to the laws of private international law as they apply in Israel;
the judgment is contradictory to another judgment that was given in the same matter between the same parties and that is still valid; or
at the time the action was brought in the foreign court, a lawsuit in the same matter and between the same parties was pending before a court or tribunal in Israel.
If a foreign judgment is enforced by an Israeli court, it generally will be payable in Israeli currency, which can then be converted into non-Israeli currency and transferred out of Israel. The usual practice in an action before an Israeli court to recover an amount in a non-Israeli currency is for the Israeli court to issue a judgment for the equivalent amount in Israeli currency at the rate of exchange in force on the date of the judgment, but the judgment debtor may make payment in foreign currency. Pending collection, the amount of the judgment of an Israeli court
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stated in Israeli currency ordinarily will be linked to the Israeli consumer price index plus interest at the annual statutory rate set by Israeli regulations prevailing at the time. Judgment creditors must bear the risk of unfavorable exchange rates.
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act applicable to foreign private issuers. Accordingly, we will be required to file reports and other information with the SEC, including annual reports on Form 20-F and reports on Form 6-K. The SEC maintains an internet website that contains reports and other information about issuers, like us, that file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is www.sec.gov.
As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt under the Exchange Act from, among other things, the rules prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act with respect to their purchase and sale of our Class A Ordinary Shares. In addition, we will not be required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act.
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INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
The SEC’s rules allow us to “incorporate by reference” information into this prospectus, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus and any applicable prospectus, and later information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. This prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement incorporate by reference the documents set forth below that have previously been filed with the SEC (other than those documents or the portions of those documents that are “furnished” unless otherwise specified below):
our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 filed with the SEC on April 20, 2023;
the information under the heading “Reduction in Workforce” in our current report on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on January 18, 2023;
our current report on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on April 20, 2023;
our current report on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on May 3, 2023;
the information included in Exhibit 99.2 and Exhibit 99.3 to our current report on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on May 16, 2023;
our current report on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on May 26, 2023; and
the description of the Class A Ordinary Shares contained in the registration statement on Form 8-A (File No. 001-41430), filed with the SEC on June 22, 2022, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.
All documents subsequently filed by us pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act and, to the extent specifically designated therein, reports of foreign private issuer on Form 6-K furnished by the Company to the SEC, in each case, after the date of the initial registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement, as well as prior to the completion or termination of the offering of securities under this prospectus, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus and to be a part hereof from the date of filing or furnishing of such documents.
Any statement made in a document incorporated by reference into this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus modifies or supersedes that statement. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, no information is incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement hereto where such information under applicable forms and regulations of the SEC is not deemed to be “filed” under Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, unless the report or filing containing such information indicates that the information therein is to be considered “filed” under the Exchange Act or is to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement hereto. You can obtain free of charge a copy of any documents that are incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at:
Pagaya Technologies Ltd.
Azrieli Sarona Bldg, 54th Floor
121 Derech Menachem Begin
Tel-Aviv 6701203, Israel
+972 (3) 715 0920
Documents may also be available on our website at https://www.pagaya.com/. Information contained on our website does not constitute part of this prospectus.
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UP TO 40,139,607 CLASS A ORDINARY SHARES
PROSPECTUS





















August 3, 2023